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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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William Glasser
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Developed the concept of reality therapy in the 1950s and 1960s
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Reality Theory is also known as
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Control Theory
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Control theory emphasizes ...
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doing and thinking. It attempts to explain why and how people behave from the point of view of the subjective internal perception of their world
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According to Glasser, the purpose of behaving the way we do is to
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eliminate the discrepancy between what we presently have and what we want
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Control theory is based on the assertion that
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we are in charge of our lives, we choose our forms of behavior, and that behavior is intended to increase self-esteem and a sense of belonging and to attain power and freedom
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The purpose of reality therapy is to
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help clients achieve a satisfying, effective existence.
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The challenge in therapy is to
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examine how clients are presently functioning in order to improve that functioning
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The four psychological needs are:
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1) belonging
2) power 3) freedom 4) fun |
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The goal of reality therapy is to
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--Help clients acquire skills to take control of their lives, better cope with life's demands, and solve present-day problems
--Help the client become psychologically strong and rational - a strong and rational person who is autonomous and behaves responsibly toward self and others --Help clients determine what they want in life, develop practical plans to accomplish personal needs and esires, put the past behind and focus on present behaviors, and accept no excuses and elminate punishment from life |
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The WDEP Model
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W = Wants - Clients learn to express their wants, needs, and perceptions of what is happening in everyday life.
D = Doing - The therapist explores what clients are doing and what direction they are taking in their behavior to fulfill those wants and needs E = Evaluation - The therapist encourages clients to evaluate their behavior patterns that help or do not help fulfill those needs and wants P = Planning and commitment - The therapist invites and encourages clients to plan for behavior change and commit to that change |
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Contributions of Reality Therapy
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1) Clients are responsible for evaluating and changing their behavior
2) The client is the catalyst in making specific plans, forming contracts for action, and evaluating the success of these actions 3) The emphasis is on accountability. No excuses for failure are accepted, but blame and punishment are avoided 4) There is a structure to evaluate the degree and nature of the changes affected 5) It is short-term, clear, and easily understood therapy that is applicable to different situations and clients, some of whom may not usually be receptive to other therapy approaches |
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Limitations of Reality Therapy
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1) Consideration is not given to feelings. the unconscious or the past.
2) The influence of the culture and environment of the client is not taken into consideration when looking for alternatives to the maladjusted behavior. The focus is on the symptoms. 3) There is a lack of research on reality therapy to establish its effectiveness |
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Autonomy
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The acceptance of responsibility and takig control of one's life; a state of maturity
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Commitment
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The ability on the part of the client to continue with a reasonable plan to effect the desired change
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Control Theory
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A theory of why people act the way they do; the internal motivation to master one's own world
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Involvement
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The role of the therapist with the client in reality therapy, a vital part of establishing a relationship with the client
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Paining Behaviors
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The manifestation of pain symptoms, such as depression, to refocus the problem on the symptoms instead of the behavior
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Perceived World
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One's subjective world
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Picture Album
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The perceived reality of the client, formulated to meet his or her psychological needs
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Positive Addiction
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The acts performed to gain psychological strength, such as physical activity and meditation
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Responsibility
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The dependable manner in which we satisfy our needs without interfering with the rights of others
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Success Identity
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The level of self-esteem needed to carry out the actions deemed necessary for attaining a more satisfying life experience; the end result is that the individual is able to give and receive love
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Total Behavior
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The sum of all our activities that that forms our personality and the person we have become
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Value Judgment
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The evaluation of current behaviors to determine their value
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WDEP Model
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The abbreviation for the components of reality therapy: wants, behavior, evaluation, and plan
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Old brain vs. New brain
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Old Brain = Primitive or physical needs
New Brain = Psychological needs |
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2 critical points in children's development
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Ages 2-5 = Socialized to deal with frustrations and disappointments
Ages 5-10 = children who already have socialization or academic problems often establish a failure identity |
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Self-determination
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Each person has within him/herself a self-picture or perception, and the person behaves in a way that is determined or controlled by this self-image
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3 Parts of Glasser's Control Theory
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B = Behavior
C = Control - comparison made between the desired image and the image the behavior is producing P = The perception or the development of the image |
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3 Primary Steps of Reality Therapy
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1) The counselor helps the client to see the reality and understand how a behavior is unrealistic
2) The counselor separates the client from the behavior and rejects the behavior without rejecting the client 3) The counselor teaches the client how to fulfill needs realistically and positively |
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Humor is used to
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point out absurdity without being sarcastic
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Confrontation is used to
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help the client accept responsibility for behavior
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The 8 Steps in Reality Therapy Are
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1) Establish a relationship
2) Focus on present behavior 3) Client evaluates his or her behavior 4) Develop a contract or plan of action 5) Get a commitment from the client 6) Don't accept excuses 7) Allow reasonable consequences but refuse to use punishment 8) Refuse to give up on the client |
