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Reading...
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54 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Reading

A cognitive process of decoding symbols to derive meaning from a text.

Reading

An interaction between the text and the reader

Reading

A skill that can be improved through consistent practice.

Previewing

Looking at the readily visible parts of the text, like the titles and subtitles, and also visuals and graphs, pictures, and, charts.

Skimming the text

Means you look for the main point of the reading and identify the ideas that develop it.

Skimming

Means physically moving your eyes rapidly along the page and tracing your finger along the lines of the text to speed up your reading.

Skimming

This skill also involves quickly going through beginning and concluding sentences of paragraphs because they usually talk about the topic of the text.

Scanning the book

Looking for specific information.

Scanning

This strategy involves physically moving your eyes quickly along the lines of the text but you do not have to read every word; just read until you locate the details you are searching for.

Context clues

Are words, phrases, and sentences that surround an unfamiliar word that can help you recognize the meaning of an unknown word because the text gives you information about it.

Synonyms

Context clue used when the text has words or phrases that are similar in meaning to the unknown word.

Synonym clues

May be signaled by the following words: "like"or"as."

Antonym

Is a word that reveals the opposite meaning in relation to the unknown word.

Antonyms

When you see words like "although", "but", "despite", "instead", "in contrast," "unlike," "however," "even though," "on the contrary," and "conversely," these usually precede ______ because these are used to show contrasting ideas.

Examples

Are specific details in a text that are used to clarify the meaning of a word.

Explanations

May be given as clues to describe an unknown term. When phrases like "because" or "that is" follow a word, these may be _______.

Definitions

May follow an unfamiliar word. Terms like "is," "means," "is defined as," and "refers to" are used with _________.

Situations

The ________ in which a word is used can also be helpful in determining the meaning of that word. The meaning of a word may change depending on its context, or how and where it is used.

Denotation

The basic, precise, literal meaning if the word that can be found in a dictionary.

Connotation

The positive, negative, or neutral feelings, attitudes, ideas, or associations with a word.

Connotations

Portray more multifaceted definitions of a word whether these are positive, negative, or neutral.

Annotating the text

Simply means making notes on your copy of the reading.

Outlining the text

By locating the thesis statement, claims, and evidence, and then plotting these into an outline, you can see how the writer structures, sequences, and connects his or her ideas.

Summary

Consists of getting the main points of the essay and important supporting details.

Summarizing

Is a useful skill because you can better understand the reading if you can recognize and differentiate major and minor points in the text.

Questioning the text

Involves asking specific questions on points that you are skeptical about.

Explicit

Information that is clearly stated.

Implicit

Ideas that are suggested in the text.

Inference

Is a conclusion that you make based on explicit information and your reasoning and background knowledge.

Claim / Central Argument / Thesis Statement

Writer's point or position regarding the chosen topic.

Claim

Is the most important part of the text.

Claim

Is a sentence that summarizes the most important thing that the writer wants to say as a result of his/her thinking, reading, or writing.

False



Claims that are only factual or based on opinion are not debatable, a good claim should be argumentative and debatable.

True/False



A good claim should be only factual or based on opinion.

False



A good claim must be specific and focused. Overgeneralizations and vague assertions are results of an unfocused claim.

True/False



A good claim should lead to overgeneralizations and vague assertions.

True



A good claim should be interesting and engaging.

True/False



A good claim should hook the reader, who may or may not agree with you, to encourage them to consider your perspective and learn something new from you.

Claim of fact, value and policy

What are the different types of claim?

Claims of fact

These claims state a quantifiable assertion, or a measurable topic.

Claims of fact

These claims assert that something had existed, exists, or will exist based on data.

Claims of value

Claims that assert something that can be qualified.

Claims of value

Claims consisting of arguments about moral, philosophical, or aesthetic topics.

Claims of policy

These claims posit that specific actions should be chosen as solutions to a particular problem.

Claims of policy

These claims defend actionable plans and usually answer "how" questions.

Context

Defined as the social, cultural, political, historical, and other related circumstances that surround the text and form the terms from which it can be better understood adds evaluated.

Intertextuality

Is the modeling of a text's meaning by another text.

Intertextuality

Defined as the connections between language, images, characters, themes, or subjects depending on their similarities in language, genre, or discourse.

Hypertext

Is a relatively new way of reading a text online.

Hypertext

Is a nonlinear way of showing information.

Assertions

Are declarative sentences that claim something is true about something else.

Fact

A statement that can be proven objectively by direct experience, testimonies of witnesses, verified observations, or the results of research.

Convention

Is a way in which something is done, similar to traditions and norms.

Opinion

Based on facts, but are difficult to objectively verify because if the uncertainty of producing satisfactory proofs of soundness.

Preference

Assertion based on personal choice.

Counterclaims

Are claims made to rebut a previous claim.

Evidence

The details given by the author to support his/her claim.