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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
three levels of filtration
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fenestrated capillary
-70,000 kDa (albumin 65,000) -keeps blood cells in basement membrane -lamina rara interna (neg) -lamina densa -lamina rara externa (neg- b/c type IV collagen & hep sulphate) (loses charge w/glycation) podocytes |
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normal renal bloodflow
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600 ml/minute
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normal clearance
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120 ml/minute
(amount of filtered plasma at bowmans capsule) 99% is reabsorbed |
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osmotic pressure in BC
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0 (shouldn't be any protein in there)
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use for permeability constant
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index of kidney health
Kf= GFR/ (Pgc-Pbc-oncPgc) |
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GFR affected by
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blood pressure affects acute change
Kf affects chronic change |
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Kf affected by
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hormones, disease
contraction of mesangial cells |
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Normal Starling Forces
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Pgc = 45mmHg
Pbc = 10 mmHg oncPgc = 19 mmHg |
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modification of filtration pressure
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-contract afferents
-dilate afferents -contract effs -dilate effs -dilate both -obstruct urinary flow -change protein concentration |
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contract afferents
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decrease flow, decrease filtration
(sympathetic stim, AT II) |
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dilate afferents
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increase pressure & GFR
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constrict efferents
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increase pressure & GFR
low levels of GFR |
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dilate efferents
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decrease pressure & GFR
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constrict afferents & efferents
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decrease flow, no change hydrostatic, increase oncotic pressure, decrease GFR
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change protein concentration affect on GFR
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increase prot - decrease GFR
(& vice versa) |
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Calculate GFR
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creatinine clearance
GFR= UV/P |
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normal clearance of creatinine
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male 92-110 ml/min
female 74-110 ml/min |
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normal creatinine levels
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0.8 - 1.2 mg/dl
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problem with creatinine clearance to calculate GFR
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can be secreted into tubule
saturatable |
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estimation of RBF
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calculate RPF (renal plasma flow)
* RPF = [U]/[RA] * (ignores [RV]) estimate RBF * RBF = RPF/1-Hct |
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PAH
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organic acid used to calculate RPF
not synthesized/metabolized amount back to RV is minimal |
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metabolism of creatinine
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creatine to phosphocreatine via creatine kinase
spontaneous to creatinine from either byproduct of muscles |
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causes of decreased Kf
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(permeability constant)
Renal dz, DM, HTN |
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causes of increased P (BC)
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urinary tract obstruction
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causes of increased glomerular oncotic pressure with decreased glomerular pressure
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decreased renal blood flow
increased plasma protein conc |
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causes of decreased resistance at efferents & glomerular pressure
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decreased AT II
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causes of increased R (A) & decreased glomerular pressure
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sympathetic stim
vasoconstrictor autocoids |
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causes of incrased GFR
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pregnancy
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