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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gamma rays are emanations that have:
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Neither mass or charge
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The kind of energy stored in a chemical bound is:
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Potential energy
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if an acidic solution is added to a basic solution, the pH of the basic solution:
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Decreases
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Which of the following are classified as chemical substances?
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Compounds and elements
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Atom
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Smallest particle obtainable by physical means
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Molecules
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Physically present particles
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Element
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Contain only one type of atom
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Compound
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More than one type of atom present
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Valence
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Number of electrons gained, lost, or shared in a bond
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Molarity
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The concentration of a solution, measured as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
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Osmole
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Unit of osmotic pressure
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Buffers
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Solutinos that resist a change in pH
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Cations
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A positively charged ion
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Anions
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A negatively charged ion
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Water rejecting
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Hydophobic (i.e. alcohol)
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Water accepting
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Hydophilic (i.e. sodium chloride)
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Na+
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Major extracellular cation, osmotic pressure
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Cl-
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Major extracellular anion, osmotic pressure, pH balance
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Ca++
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Muscle contraction, blood clotting, bone metabolism
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Mg++
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Enzyme cofactor, intracellular cation
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HCO3-
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pH balance, blood buffer
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Acetate
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Replacement buffer, converter in liver
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Glucose
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Energy, fuel for nervous tissue
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K+
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Cardiac rhythm, muscle contraction, major intracellular cation
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1 gallon
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3.78 L
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1 kg
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2.2 lbs
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1 mL
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1 cc
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1 meter
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39 inches
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1 liter
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1000 cc
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1 fluid ounce
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30 mL
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37 degrees C
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98.6 degrees F
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100 degrees F
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37.8 degrees C
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1 lb
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0.454 kg
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1 yard
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36 inches
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Calculate the approzimate conductivity of the following solution: Sodium 137 mEq/L, Calcium 3.5 mEq/L, Potassium 2.0 mEq/L, Magnesium 1.0 mEq/L
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13.75 mS/cm
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Volt
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The unit of measurement of electromotive force
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A.C.
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the type of current usually supplied by utility powe lines
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Ampere
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The unit of measurement for electrical current
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D.C.
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Direct current
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Impedance
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The total opposition a circuit offers to the flow of alternating current
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Resistance
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A property of a conductor which causes it to impede the flow of electrons
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GFD
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A monitor for any current between either power wire and ground
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The reference resistance used when referring to or measuring leakage current on medical equipment is:
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10 ohms
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Normal leakage current on a dialysis machine should be less than:
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50 microamp
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The binary number of 10 is
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1010
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UL-1262 specifies that the maximum leakage current of a laboratory instrument should be:
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50 uA
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Binary
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The base two numbering system whose only digits are 0 and 1
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Bit
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The smallest quantity a computer can measure or detect
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Byte
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The unit of measure for computer memory and disk storage
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CPU
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Central Processing Unit
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Disk
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A magnetically coated substance on which data for a computer is stored
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Hexadecimal
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The base sixteen numbering system whose digits go from 0 through F
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I/O
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Input/Output
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Integrated Circuit
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Chip
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RAM
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Random access memory
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ROM
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Read only memory
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DOS
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Disk operating system
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Conductivity = Resistivity
True or False |
False
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Conductivity = 1/ Resistivity
True or False |
True
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Resistivity = 1 / conductivity
True or False |
True
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V=IR
True or False |
True
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R = V/I
True or False |
True
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Pressure = Flow x Resistance
True or False |
True
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venous pressure gauges are calibrated in:
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mmHg
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TMP is measured in
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mmHg
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Conductivity meters measure:
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Electrical flow through the solution
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Prior to dialysis, the dialysate should be tested for:
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Conductivity, pH, temperature
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A milliequivalent measures the:
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Amount of charge of a solute
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The pH is used to measure the concentration of:
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hydrogen ions
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A solute, such as sodium chloride, when it ionizes in solution is called a (an);
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Electrolyte
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A patient has a body temperature of 99.0 degrees F. Using the following formula, calculate the patients' temperature in degrees C.
Degrees C = (Degrees F - 32) x 5/9 |
37.2 degrees C
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The first action to take when a fire occurs is:
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Rescue those in the nearest vicinity
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some of the measures to take to prevent electrical shock are:
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-Never apply a 3 prong plug to a 2 prong adapter
-Extension cords should not be used -Never pull on the power cord to remove a plug from its outlet -Report equipment damage |
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You witnessed a co-worker who sustained an electric shock form a piece of equipment, you should:
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-Unplug the equipment and call for help
-Don't touch the victim |
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If the hospital goes on emergency power, you should:
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-Assure equipment is plugged into the red receptacle or emergency power outlet
-Check equipment for proper function -Reset all alarms -Reassure the patients |
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Three components of an ordinary fire are:
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Smoke, flame and heat
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When a quantity of electricity is converted to heat, the heat energy is measured in:
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Calories
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What may be heterogeneous?
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A compound
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The atomic number of an atom is always equal to the total number of:
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Protons in the nucleus
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A particle which is electrically neutral is a
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Neutron
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Radioisotopes used for medical diagnosis should have:
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Short half-lives and be quickly eliminated from the body
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When a chlorine atom reacts with a sodium atom to form a compound, the chlorine atom will:
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Gain one electron
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Which of the following elements has the strongest attraction for electrons?
a) Al b) Cl c) Si d) Na |
b) Cl
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The attraction between water molecules and a Na+ ion or a Cl- ion occurs because water molecules are:
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Polar
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A pure substance melts at 38 degrees C and does not conduct electricity in either the solid or liquid phase. The substance is classified as:
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Molecular
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A solution is which an equilibrium exists between dissolved and undissolved solutes must be:
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Saturated
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Which pH value represents a solution with the lowest OH- ion concentration?
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1
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Water containing dissolved electrolyte conducts electricity because the solution contains mobile
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Ions
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If A = BC/D then:
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B = AD/C
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300 mL/min divided by 15 mL/kg is equal to
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20 kg/min
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Which of the following groups of compounds are listed from lowest pH to hightest pH?
a) Acetic acid, R.O. water, bicarbonate dialysate b) Bleach, R.O. water, bicarbonate dialysate c) Acetate dialysate, bicarbonate dialysate, R.O. water d) White vinegar, bleach, urine |
a) Acetic acid, R.O water, bicarbonate dialysate
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If the specific gravity of a bicarbonate concentrate is 1.060, one liter of solution will weigh:
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1060 grams
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An acid with a pH of 2.0 will have a hydronium ion concentration 100 times greater than a solution with a pH of:
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4.0
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Standard temperature and pressure is:
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0 degrees C and 760 mmHg
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39.37 inches equals one meter, convert one food into millimeters:
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304.8
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A micrometer is used to describe the size of a bacteria. How many micrometers does the average human hair measure?
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40 to 80 micrometers
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A component which changes A.C. voltage into D.C. voltage is a:
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Bridge rectifier
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if carbon weighs 12.011, hydrogen weighs 1.008 and oxygen weighs 16.00, how much does acetic acid (CH3COOH) weigh?
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60.054
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If the size of a bubble in solution is directly proportional to temperature and inversely proportional to pressure, then which statement is true?
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As bubbles rise to the surface of the solution in an open container, it's size will remain constant
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If one volt is applied across two resistors, one of 10 ohms and one of 100 ohms, what is true?
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-the current through the 10 ohm resistor will be greater than through the 100 ohm resistor
-If the resistors were in series, the current through both would be the same -If the resistors were in series, the largest volt drop would be across the 100 ohm resistor |
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The median of the following numbers: 17, 21, 27, 29, 32 is:
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27
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burning of the eyes, lacrimation and general irritation to the upper respiratory passages are the first symptoms experienced when formaldehyde is inhaled in concentrations ranging from:
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0.1-5.0 parts per million
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All of the following are necessary to ensure quality control in the area of electrical safety:
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-Maintaining corrosion-free electrical equipment
-Ensuring proper grounding of dialysis equipment -Periodic inspection of the condition of electrical cords and receptacles |
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An anions is:
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A negatively charged ion
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The concentration of a solution measured as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution is:
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Molarity
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A cation is:
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A positively charged ion
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Solutions that resist a change in pH are :
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Buffers
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An electrolyte that is a major extracellular anion that affects osmotic pressure and pH balance is:
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Chloride
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An electrolyte that is a major extracellular cation that affects osmotic pressure is:
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Sodium
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An electrolyte that is a major intracellular cation and affects cardiac rhythm and muscle contraction is:
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Potassium
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A cation that affects muscle contraction, blood clotting and bone metabolism is:
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Calcium
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The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) standards for blood leak detectors requires detection of less than 0.45 mL/min of blood at hematocrit 45 over a range of dialysate flows. True or False
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True
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