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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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High-energy radiation produced by collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray tube
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X-radiation
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A beam of energy with power to penetrate object/body and to record this as an image shadow onto photographic film or digital sensors.
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X-ray
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Who discovered x-radiation?
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Wilhelm Roentgen (1895)
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Who made the first dental radiograph?
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Otto Walkhoff
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Credited with first practical use of dental radiography?
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Edmund Kells (1896)
(Eventually he lost his hands and fingers) |
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Importance of dental radiographs
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Documents condition of patient at a specific time, provides info during dental procedures, shows changes by caries, perio disease, and trama, detects and localizes lesions, confirms disease, evaluates growth/development
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When did the federal government place regulations on dental x-ray machines
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1974
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First and most important step in limiting amount of x-radiation
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Proper prrscription of radiograph. The dentist is the only dental professional allowed to prescribe radiographs.
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The next step in limiting amount of x-radiation is proper equipment, this means all x-ray tubeheads must be equipped with?
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Filtration, collimator, position indicating device
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Inside tubehead (I.e. oil, glass window, and tubehead seal)
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Inherent filtration
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Includes aluminum filter placed around seal of tubehead machine. (Filters out unnecessary long wavelengths thar give primary beam more energy.)
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Added filtration
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Inherent filtration plus added filtration.
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Total filtration
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X-ray machines operating below or at 70kVp require
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1.5 mm filtration
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X-ray machines operating above 70kVp require a minimum total of
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2.5 mm filtration
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Restricts size and shape of x-ray beam; necessary to reduce patient exposure to scatter radiation
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Collimation
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Lead diaphragm on end of PID that screws into openingof tubehead
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Collimator (must be resticted to 2.75 in or less)
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What type of position indicating device is most effective in reducing patient exposure?
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16 in rectangular
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How thick should the lead apron be?
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0.25 mm
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What is the adequate distance to be from primary beam?
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6 ft
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the current MPD for occupationally exposed workers
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Per year= 50mSv (5 rem)
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The current MPD for pregnant workers
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Per year= 5mSv (500mrem)
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ALARA Concept
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"As low as reasonably achievable"
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How often should patient recieve
Full mouth series: Bitewing: Panoramic: Periapical/occlusal: |
3-5 years
6 mounths -3 years 3-5 years With a fmxorwith an area of concern |
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There has not beem a single recorded case ofa patient developing cancer from x-rays since
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1974
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Necessary info that should always be on the traditional or printed mount in our ckinic
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Patients name, date of exposure, unit #
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