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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Erlenmeyer Flask Deformity
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• Craniometaphyseal dysplasia
• Hemoglobinopathies (thalassemia, sickle cell dz) • Osteopetrosis • Niemann-Pick dz • Gaucher’s dz • Other (lead, fibrous dysplasia, osteochondromatosis, enochondromatosis, fibromatosis) |
CHONG other
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Gracile Bones
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• NF
• Immobilization/paralysis • Muscular dystrophy • RA (juvenile) • OI • Dysplasias (marfan and homocystinuria) |
NIMROD
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Femoral Head AVN
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• Alcoholism
• Sickle cell • Exogenous steroids (or radiation) • Pancreatitis • Trauma • Infection • Caisson dz • Legg-Calve-Perthes • Epiphyseal dysplasia • Gaucher’s dz |
ASEPTIC LEG
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Medial Tibial Spur
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• Blount’s disease
• Turner’s syndrome • Osteochondroma • Posttraumatic |
BTOP
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Tibial Diaphyseal Cortical Lesion
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• Adamantinoma
• Osteofibrous dysplasia (ossifying fibroma) • Fibrous dysplasia • EG • Mets |
AOFEM
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Heel pad thickening
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• Myxedema
• Acromegaly • Dilantin • Callus • Obesity • Peripheral edema |
MAD COP
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Soft Tissue Calcification
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• Tumor (3)
– Tumoral calcinosis, synovial osteochondromatosis, soft tissue tumor (sarcoma, hemangioma, lipoma) • Inflammation/Infection (7) – Dermatomyositis, scleroderma, parasites, leprosy, pancreatitis (fat necrosis), myonecrosis, bursitis/tendonitis • Congenital (2) – Ehlers-Danlos, myositis ossificans progressiva • Metabolic (2) – HPT, metastatic calcs, CPPD, calcium hydroxyapatite deposition • Trauma (3) – Myositis ossificans, burn injury, hematoma |
T3I7C2 M2T3V1
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Soft Tissue Masses
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– Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
– Fatty tumors – Vascular tumors – Nerve tumors – Mets – Muscle tumors – Burns – Hematoma – Myositis ossificans – Abscess – Aneurysm |
• Six types of tumor
• Five other causes |
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Lytic lesion of the Finger
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• Enchondroma (solitary or syndrome: mafucci or ollier’s)
• Glomus tumor • Foreign body reaction • Epidermoid inclusion cyst (if h/o trauma) • Mets (lung, breast) • Sarcoid • Infection • Erosive arthropathy |
SEE ME FIG
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Radial Hypoplasia
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• VACTERL complex
• Fanconi anemia • Holt-Oran syndrome • Cornelia de Lange syndrome • Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome |
5
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Short 4th/5th metacarpals
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• Pseudohypoparathyroidism
• Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism • Idiopathic • Chromosomal abnormalities (Turner’s, Klinefelter’s) • Basal Cell nevus syndrome |
PPICB
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Madelung’s Deformity
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• Hurler’s
• Infection • Trauma • Dyschondrosteosis • Osteochondromatosis • Chromosomal (i.e. Turner’s) |
HIT DOC
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Missing Distal Clavicle
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• Congenital:
– Gorham syndrome, absence cleidocranial dysplasia, pyknodysostosis • Erosion RA • HPT • Post-traumatic osteolysis • Infection • Mets/Myeloma |
• Eight causes:
– Three congenital |
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High-Riding Shoulder
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• RA
• CPPD • Rotator Cuff Tear |
3
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Protrusio Acetabuli
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• Paget’s Disease
• Osteomalacia/rickets • RA • Trauma • Marfan’s • Idiopathic • AS |
PORT MIA
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Sacroiliitis
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• Bilateral Symmetric (5)
– AS, Enteropathic spondyloarthropathy, psoriatic, HPT, DJD • Bilateral Asymmetric (3) – Reiter’s, Psoriatic, DJD • Unilateral (4) – Infection, DJD, Trauma, RA |
• Bilateral Symmetric (5)
• Bilateral Asymmetric (3) • Unilateral (4) |
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Lytic Sacral lesions
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• Mets
• chordoma • plasmacytoma • chondrosarcoma • GCT |
MCCPG
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Lytic Lesion of the Ileum
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• Fibrous dysplasia
• ABC • UBC • Hemophiliac pseudotumor • Malignant lesion (5) |
FA HUM
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Malignant Lytic Lesions of the Ileum
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• Mets
• Plasmacytoma • Ewing’s Sarcoma • Chondrosarcoma • Lymphoma |
MPECL
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Widened Pubic Symphysis
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• Congenital (4)
– Bladder exstrophy – Epispadias – Cleidocranial dysplasia – GU/anorectal malformation • Bone resorption/destruction (5) – Pregnancy – Osteitis pubis – Infection – Mets – HPT |
• Congenital (4)
• Bone resorption/destruction (5) |
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Picture frame vertebral body
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• Paget’s
• Osteoporosis |
PO
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Rugger jersey spine
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• Renal osteodystrophy
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1
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Ivory vertebral body
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• Mets
• Paget’s • Lymphoma • Infection |
MILP
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Striated vertebral body
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• Myeloma
• Hemangioma • Osteoporosis • Paget’s |
HOMP
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Fish-mouth deformity
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• Sickle cell disease
• Thalassemia |
ST
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Squared vertebral body
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• AS
• Paget’s • Posriasis • Reiter’s |
PAPR
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Four types of Vertebral body outgrowths
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– Syndesmophytes (1)
– Flowing ossification (1) – Small osteophytes (2) – Large osteophytes (2) |
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– Syndesmophytes (1)
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AS
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Flowing ossification (1)
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DISH
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Small osteophytes (2)
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• Degenerative dz, spondylosis deformans
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Large osteophytes (2)
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Psoriasis, Reiter’s
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PR
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Posterior Spinal Fusion from arthitis (4)
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– JRA
– AS – Psoriatic Arthritis – Reiter’s syndrome |
PAJR
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Multiple Vertebral Body Lesions
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• Mets/myeloma
• Lymphoma • EG • Giant cell tumor • Hemangioma • Sarcoma |
My LEG HurtS
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Solitary Vertebral Body Lesion
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• ABC
• Hemangioma • Osteoblastoma/osteoid osteoma • Giant cell tumor |
A HOG
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Four Mechanisms for Posterior Vertebral Scalloping
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• Increased intraspinal pressure (3)
• Dural ectasia (3) • Congenital (3) • Bone resorption (1) |
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Posterior Vertebral Scalloping - Increased intraspinal pressure (3)
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Tumor, syrinx, comm. hydrocephalus
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Posterior Vertebral Scalloping - Dural ectasia (3)
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NF, Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos
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Posterior Vertebral Scalloping - Congenital (3)
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Achondroplasia, mucopolysaccharidoses, OI
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Posterior Vertebral Scalloping - Bone resorption (1)
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Acromegaly
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Anterior Vertebral Scalloping
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• Aortic aneurysm
• Lymphadenopathy • TB spondylitis • Delayed motor development |
AAA, LTD.
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Central Anterior Vertebral Body Beak
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– Morquio’s syndrome
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1
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Inferior Anterior Vertebral Body Beak
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– Hurler’s
– Achondroplasia – Cretinism – Down’s – Neuromuscular dz |
HACDN (hawk down)
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Diffuse Platyspondyly
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• Dwarf syndromes
• OI • Morquio’s • Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia |
DOMS
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Solitary or Multifocal Platyspondyly
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• Leukemia
• EG • Mets/myeloma • Sickle cell |
LEMS
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Solitary Lytic Lesion of Skull • Tumor
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Mets, myeloma, EG, Epidermoid, Hemangioma
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HEME
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Solitary Lytic Lesion of Skull • Infection/inflammation
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– Osteomyelitis (TB and syphilis), sarcoid
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2
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Solitary Lytic Lesion of Skull - Congenital
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– Fibrous dysplasia, encephalocele
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2
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Solitary Lytic Lesion of Skull - Metabolic
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– Paget’s, hyperthyroidism
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2
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Solitary Lytic Lesion of Skull - Trauma
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– Leptomeningeal cyst
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1
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Diffuse Skull Lesions
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• Sickle cell (hair on end)
• Hyperparathyroidism (salt and pepper) • Paget’s (cotton wool) • Fibrous Dysplasia (outer table) • Tuberous Sclerosis (both tables) |
5
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Multiple Lytic Skull Lesions
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• Paget’s, parathyroid elevation
• Osteomyelitis • EG • Mets/myeloma • Sarcoidosis |
POEMS
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Basilar Invagination
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• Congenital
– Osteogenesis imperfecta – Klippel-Feil – Achondroplasia – Chiari Malformations – Cleidocranial dysplasia • Acquired – Paget’s – Hyperparathyroidism – Osteomalacia/Ricket’s |
Five congenital
Three acquired COACK PHO |
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Asymmetric Periosteal Reaction
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• Tumor
• Infection (osteomyelitis, soft tissue, congenital infection) • Inflammation (psoriatic, reiter’s, JRA) • Trauma (fractures) • Vascular (subperiosteal hemorrhage) |
TIVIT
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Inflammatory causes of Asymmetric Periosteal Reaction
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psoriatic, reiter’s, JRA
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3
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Infectious Causes of Asymmetric Periosteal Reaction
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osteomyelitis, soft tissue, congenital infection
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3
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Symmetric Periosteal Reaction in Adults
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• Vascular insufficiency (venous > arterial)
• HPO • Pachydermoperiostosis • Fluorosis • Thyroid Acropathy |
Very High PFT
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Four categories of causes of Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy
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• Tumor (4)
• Chronic Pulmonary Infection (2) • Other inflammation (2) • R to L heart shunt (1) |
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Tumors that can cause Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy
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Lung CA, Benign fibrous tumor of pleura, mets, mesothelioma
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4
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Diffuse Osteosclerosis
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• Mets
• Myelofibrosis • Mastocytosis • Sickle Cell • Pyknodysostosis, Paget’s • Renal Osteodystrophy • Osteopetrosis • Others (dysplasias, hypothyroidism) • Fluorosis |
3MS PROOF
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Localized Osteopenia
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• Disuse
• Arthritis • Sudeck’s: reflex sympathetic dystrophy • Lytic phase of Paget’s • Transient osteoporosis (of hip and regional migratory) |
DeSALT
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Diffuse Osteopenia
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• Primary Osteoporosis
• Secondary Osteoporosis • Osteomalacia • Hyperparathyroidism • Marrow Replacement |
MPHOS
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Secondary Osteoporosis
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• Endocrine diseases
• Nutritional deficiencies • Hereditary (metabolic and collagen) dz • Medications |
MHEN
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Osteomalacia
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• Nutritional deficiencies
• Abnormal Vitamin D metabolism • GI absorption disorders • Renal disease • Medications |
MANGR
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Marrow Replacement
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• Malignancy (myeloma)
• Marrow Hyperplasia (hemoglobinopathy) • Lysosomal Storage dz (Gaucher’s) |
3
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Multiple Sclerotic Lesions
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• Tumor (5)
– Mets, lymphoma/leukemia, osteomatosis, healing lesions, sclerotic myeloma • Congenital (4) – Fibrous dysplasia, osteopoikilosis, tuberous sclerosis, mastocytosis • Metabolic (1) – Paget’s • Trauma (1) – Healing Fx • Vascular (1) – Bone infarcts |
TCMTV
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Malignant Bone Tumors: 0-10
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Ewing’s, OSA, Leukemia/Lymphoma
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Malignant Bone Tumors: 10 - 20
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OSA, Ewing’s, Leukemia/Lymphoma
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Malignant Bone Tumors: 20 - 30
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OSA, lymphoma, Ewing’s, MFH
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Malignant Bone Tumors: >30
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Myeloma, Mets, Lymphoma, Chondrosarcoma, MFH/fibrosarcoma, OSA
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Bubbly Lesions
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• Fibrous dysplasia, fibrous cortical defect
• EG, enchondroma • Giant cell tumor • Non-ossifying fibroma • Osteoblastoma • Mets/myeloma • ABC (eccentric) • Simple unilocular bone cyst (central) • Hyperparathyroidism, hemophilia • Infection • Chondroblastoma |
• FEGNOMASHIC
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Lytic Epiphyseal Lesions
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GCT
EG Chondroblastoma Mets Infection (TB, osteo) Subchondral cyst Interosseus ganglion |
ICI GEMS
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Sclerotic Metastases
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• 3 common
– Prostate – Breast – Hodgkin’s lymphoma • 4 uncommon – Carcinoid – Medulloblastoma – Bladder – Lung |
• 3 common
• 4 uncommon BPH CMBL |
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Permeative Lesion in Children
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• Round cell tumor
• Infection • EG • OSA (rare) |
RIEO
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Permeative Lesion in Adults
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• Mets
• Myeloma • Lymphoma/leukemia • Fibrosarcoma |
MMLF
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Bony Sequestrum
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• Osteomyelitis
• EG (button sequestrum) • Fibrosarcoma • Osteoid Osteoma |
FOOE
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Malignant Transformation of Bony Lesions
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• Fibrous dysplasia – fibrosarc/OSA/MFH
• Osteomyelitis with draining sinus– SqCC • Bone infarct – fibrosarc, MFH • Maffucci’s – chondrosarcoma • Ollier’s disease – chondrosarcoma • Radiation – OSA/chondrosarc/MFH • Paget’s – OSA, others • Hereditary Osteochondromatosis - chondrosarcoma |
FOB MORPH
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Focal Sclerotic Lesion
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• Tumor (benign, malignant, healing)
• Infection (ostemyelitis) • Congenital (bone island, melorheostosis, fibrous dysplasia) • Metabolic (Paget’s) • Trauma (stress fx, healing fx) • Vascular (osteonecrosis, bone infarct) |
TIC MTV
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Osteonecrosis
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• Anemias (hereditary)
• Steroids • Ethanol • Pancreatitis, pregnancy • Trauma • Idiopathic • Caisson dz, collagen vascular dz |
ASEPTIC
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Fluid-Fluid Level in a bone lesion
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• ABC
• Giant cell • Telangiectatic osteosarcoma |
AGT
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Secondary DJD
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• Mechanical joint abnormality
– Trauma, osteonecrosis, ligament injury, loose body • Abnormal force on a joint – Occupational, postoperative, bone dysplasia • Abnormal cartilage – Hemochromatosis, acromegaly, alkaptonuria • Inflammation |
four categories and examples
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Inflammatory Arthritis
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• RA (female, hands, symm, non-HLA-B27)
• AS (male, hips, asymm, HLA-B27) • Psoriasis (M/F, hand, asymm, sausage, nail changes, HLA-B27) • Reiter’s (male, feet, asymm, sausage, urethra/conjuctiva, HLA-B27) |
four big ones
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Jaccoud’s Arthropathy
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• SLE
• Rheumatic Fever • Scleroderma |
SRS
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Periarticular Osteopenia
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• RA
• Scleroderma • Hemophilia • Osteomyelitis |
SHOR
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Subchondral cysts
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– DJD
– CPPD – Sero(-) spondyloarthropathy – Gout – PVNS – Synovial Osteochondromatosis – Neuropathic Joint • With abnormal bone density: – RA – AVN |
DCS N GRAPeS
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Acroosteolysis
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– Psoriasis
– Injury – Neuropathy (DM, Leprosy, insens. To pain) – Collagen Vascular (reynaud, scleroderma) – Hyperparathyroidism – Familial (Hadju-Cheney) – Other (PVC, scorpion) |
PINCH FO
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Osteophyte formation in arthritis
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OA
CPPD |
2
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Periosteal new bone formation in arthritis
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Psoriatic
Reiter's |
2
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Periarticular Calcifications
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SLE
Scleroderma |
2
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Articular Calcifications
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CPPD
Chondrocalcinosis |
2
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Joint Space related Calcifications
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Neuropathic related
osteochondritis dessicans osteochondral fracture Synovial osteochondromatosis |
NOOS
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Chondrocalcinosis
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– Hyperparathyroidism
– Ochronosis (alkaptonuria) – Gout – Wilson’s – Athritides – (P)Seudogout: CPPD – Hemochromatosis |
HOGWASH
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types of STS in arthritis
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lumpy-bumpy
sausage digit symmetric |
3
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Symmetric STS in arthritis
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– RA
– Any inflammatory arthritis |
2
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Sausage digit STS in arthritis
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– Psoriasis
– Reiter’s |
2
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Lumpy-Bumpy STS in arthritis
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– Gout
– Amyloidosis – Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis – Sarcoid |
4
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Distal distribution of arthritis in the hand
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• OA
• Psoriasis • Reiter’s • MRH |
PROM
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Proximal distribution of arthritis in the hand
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• RA
• CPPD • Hemochromatosis • Wilson’s |
CHWR
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Monoarticular arthritis
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– Crystal arthropathy
– Hemophilia – RA (uncommon) – Infection (not Gonorrhea or Lyme) – Synovial (PVNS, synovial osteochondromatosis) – Trauma |
CHRIST
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Neuropathic Joint
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DM
EtOH abuse Myelomeningocele/syringomyelia Spinal Cord Injury Syphilis Congenital indifference to pain Amyloidosis Neuropathy |
• Four common
• Four Uncommon DEMS SCAN |
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Clinical Syndromes with Arthritis
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• Behcet’s
• Reiter’s • Still’s • Felty’s • Jaccoud’s • CREST • Phemister Triad |
BRSFJCP
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Atlantoaxial Subluxation
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• RA/JRA
• sero(-) spondyloarthropathies • SLE • Down’s • Morquio’s Syndrome • Trauma |
RSSDMT
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