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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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diferences b/t adult and pediatric bones
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adults: solid structure
child: unfused plates |
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disease origin in peds vs adults
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adults: mostly acquired
children: congenital and acquired |
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neonatal chest diseases
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hyaline membrane disease
meconium aspiration congenital diaphragmatic hernia |
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findings in Hyaline membrane disease
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pulmonary immaturity with surfactant deficiency
capillary leak with mucosal necrosis collapsed debris filled alveoli X-ray findings immediate to 12 hours Low lung volumes "ground glass" "reticular granular" Air bronchiograms |
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pulmonary interstitial emphysema description
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complication of mechanical ventilation
causes stiff lung and air block can lead to tension PTX hyperinflation cyst-like or linear lucencies PTX, pneumomediastinum |
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meconium aspiration findings
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Aspirated meconium-mechanical obstruction
Irregular air trapping Peripheral chemical pneumonitis Hyperinflation Irregualr aeration Coarse Patchy densities (atelectasis, consolidation) Focal areas overinflation +/- pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax +/- pleural effusion |
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia findings
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respiratory distress
scaphoid abdomen failure of diaphragm to close correctly Bochdalek, left posterior, commonest Right 5 times less common (liver) Ipsilateral pulmonary hypoplasia +/- contralatral pulmonary hypoplasia |
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eg's of congenital GI disease in children
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Atresias
Stenosis Hirschsprung disease |
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Eg's acquired GI disease in children
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inflammatory
infectious neoplasms |
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Wilms tumor description, clinical
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most common solid renal tumor of childhood
arises from metanephric blastema 50%<2yrs;75%<5yrs bilateral 5-10% Clinical: 1 palpable abdominal mass 90% 2 hypertension 3 pain 4 hematuria 5 fever, anorexia Tx by chemotherapy or surgery |
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neuroblastoma description
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common <2 yrs
retroperitoneal neural crest encases and elevates vessels often bilateral calcifications common |
