Radiology Abdomen

Front 1

boundaries of the abdomen

Back 1

between the diaphragm and the pelvic inlet

Front 2

where does the omental bursa lie?

Back 2

directly posterior to the liver and stomach

Front 3

level of the renal arteries

Back 3

between L1 and L2

Front 4

artery preventing a horseshoe kidney from rising?

Back 4

inferior messenteric artery

Front 5

ennervation of abdominal viscera is by way of?

Back 5

Vagus and splanchnic nerves

Front 6

Origin and insertion of psoas major muscle

Back 6

lumbar vertebrae T12-L5 to the lesser trochanter of femur

Front 7

this test is performed to test for an inflammed appendix

Back 7

the iliopsoas test

Front 8

where does the abdominal aorta begin and end?

Back 8

T12-L4

Front 9

this is sometimes called a “Flat Plate”

Back 9

KUB
Kidneys
Ureter
Bladder

Front 10

what's the first thing to look for on a Flat Plate

Back 10

the bowel-gas pattern

Front 11

what are some organs visible due to the surrounding fat

Back 11

Liver - posterior margin
Spleen - often visible
Kidneys - outlines may not be seen in entirety because of overlying gas and stool
Psoas muscles - margins usually visible but may not be seen in entirety

Front 12

when do you order a KUB

Back 12

Bowel obstruction - abnormal gas pattern
Free air - abnormal gas pattern
Abscess - abnormal gas pattern
Calculi or other abnormal intra-abdominal calcifications
Radiopaque foreign bodies

Front 13

how would a mechanical small bowel obstruction look on an X-ray

Back 13

gas is seen b4 the obstruction; no gas or very little distal to obstruction.
A ladder-like arrangement of dilated small bowel loops, also termed a "stacked coin" appearance.

Front 14

describe an adynamic ileus

Back 14

increased gas throughout the Gl tract

Front 15

is a pneumoperitoneum ever normal?

Back 15

Yes, in post op patients or patients on peritoneal dialysis

Front 16

Why does an abscess have gas?

Back 16

There are gas forming bacteria present.

Front 17

what is emphysematous pyelonephritis?

Back 17

air in the perirenal space due to bacteria destroying the kidney

Front 18

what is leiomyoma

Back 18

uterine fibroid

Front 19

what are gallstones principaly comprised of?

Back 19

cholesterol and lecithin;
only 10-15% of gallstones have enought calcium to be seen by a Flat Plate

Front 20

what are two parts of the GI that cannot be viewed by an endoscope?

Back 20

Jejunum and ileum; for this, use a capsule endoscope(camera that you swallow)

Front 21

what is Crohn's disease?

Back 21

inflammation of the bowel wall; becomes thickened, fibrotic, and strictured. The mucosal surface may develop "cobblestoning" related to edema with linear ulcerations. Deep fissures can develop and result in microperforations and the formation of fistulous tracts. The disease may be continuous, but often has "skip" lesions with normal segments of intervening intestine. The mesentery can become infiltrated with fat, known as "creeping fat."

Front 22

Best test for abdominal symptoms

Back 22

CT

Front 23

Are MRIs used for bowel studies?

Back 23

No, not very good

Front 24

best test for GI bleed

Back 24

Nuclear medicine

Front 25

Best studies for the colon

Back 25

BE
Air contrast BE
CT

Front 26

best studies for small bowel

Back 26

small bowel follow through
enteroclysis-barium injected into duodenum

Front 27

this scan helps evaluate the function of the gallbladder and the bile ducts

Back 27

HIDA - hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan;
Used to DX:
Obstruction of the bile ducts due to gallstones or rarely, tumors
Diseases of the gallbladder
Bile leaks

Front 28

cause of a pneumoperitoneum

Back 28

perforated bowel

Front 29

an X-ray showing air-fluid levels is most likely?

Back 29

bowel obstruction

Front 30

an obstruction due to colon carcinoma is called?

Back 30

apple core

Front 31

what do you think of when you see these symptoms:

jaundice
fever
RUQ pain

Back 31

Charcot's Triad, used to DX ascending cholangitis

Front 32

a radiographic finding on BE of volvulus; a funnel-like narrowing

Back 32

Birds beak

Front 33

best test to detect kidney and gallbladder stones

Back 33

ultrasound

Front 34

the first line for detecting solid organ injury after trauma

Back 34

CT scan

Front 35

causes of colon obstruction

Back 35

Diverticulitis
Volvulus
carcinoma

Front 36

best test if you suspect SBO

Back 36

KUB

Front 37

test of choice for an abdominal abscess

Back 37

CT with contrast

Front 38

how do you Dx acute gastritis

Back 38

Clinical Hx and presence of diarrhea. Recommended procedure is sigmoidoscopy if blood is present in stool

Front 39

test for a suspected bile leak

Back 39

nuclear medicine