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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anode
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Positively charged electrode
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Cathode
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Negatively charged electrode
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Electromagnetic radiation
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Method of transporting energy through space, distinguished by wavelength, frequency and energy
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Electromagnetic radiation grouped according to wavelength and frequency
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Excitation
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process in which an electron is moved to a higher energy level within the atom
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Frequency
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number of cycles of the wave that pass stationary point in a second
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Ionization
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process by which an outer electron is removed from the atom so that the atom is left positvely charged
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Photons / Quanta
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bundle of radient energy
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Radiant energy
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energy contained in light rays or any other form of radiation
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Radiograph
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visible photographic record on film produced by xrays passing through an object
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Wavelength
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distance between two corresponding points on a wave
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Xray Discovery
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Roentgen 1895
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Acceleration
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increase in speed over time
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Actual focal point
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area of the focal spot consisting of coiled wire that is perpendicular to the surface of the target
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Collimator
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restricting device used to control the size of the primary xray beam
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Console
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control panel of the xray machine
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Effective focal spot
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area of the focal spot that is visible through the xray tube window and directed toward the xray film
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Filament
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part of a low energy circuit in the cathode that, when heated, releseas electrons from their orbits
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Focal spot
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small area of the target with which electrons collide on the anode
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Focusing cup
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recessed are where the filament lies, directing the electrons toward the anode
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Full-wave rectification
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creates an almost constant electrical potential across the xray tube, converting the positive electrical current pulses to 120 times per second compared with the normal rate of 60 tps
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Half-wave rectification
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method of converting alternating to direct current in which half of the current is lost
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Heel effect
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decrease in xray intensity on the anode side of the xray beam caused by the anode target angle
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Kilovoltage
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amount of electrical energy being applied to the anode and cathode to accelerate the electrons from the cathode to the anode
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Kilovoltage peak (kVp)
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peak energy of the xrays which determines the quality (penetrating power) of the xray beam
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Milliamperage (mA)
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amount of electrical energy being applied to the filament. mA describes the number of xrays produced during exposure
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Molybdenum
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metal commonly used in focusing cups because of its high melting point & poor conduction of heat
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Penumbra
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partial outer shadow of an object being imaged by illumination
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Rectification
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process of changing alternating current to direct current
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Rotating anode
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turns on an axis to increase xray production while dissipating heat
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Stationary anode
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nonmoving, found in dental, small portible units
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Step-down transformer
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reduces xray machine input voltage from 110 or 220 V to 10V to prevent burnout of cathode filament
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Step-up transformer
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increases the incoming voltage of 110 - 220 V to thousands of volts
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Target
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anode
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Tungsten
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metal that makes up filament
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4 things needed for xrays
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1. source of electrons
2. method of acceleration 3. free path of flow 4. target - anode |
