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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The negatively charged electrode in the x-ray tube is:
a. Anode b. Cathode c. Focusing cup d. Focal spot |
b. Cathode |
|
The focusing cup is made of?
a. Molybdenum b. Tungsten c. Nickel d. Graphite |
c. Nickel |
|
The _______ is an electric motor that turns the rotor at a vary high speed.
a. Anode b. Cathode c. Rotor d. Stator |
d. Stator |
|
The rotating target on the anode is coated with :
a. Graphite b. Tungsten c. Molybdenum d. Cobalt |
b. Tungsten |
|
What is an acceptable level of leakage from the tube housing?
a. 100 mR/hr at 6 feet b. 10 mR/hr at 1 meter c. 1000 mR/hr at 1 meter d. 100 mR/hr at 1 meter |
d. 100 mR/hr at 1 meter |
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_____________ is the boiling off of electrons from the filament when the current is applied.
a. Saturation emission b. Thermionic emission c. Filament transport d. Proton emission |
b. Thermionic emission |
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The typical RPM range for the rotating anodes is from _______ RPM to ________RPM.
a. 2000-5000 b. 3000-10,000 c. 3000-20,000 d. 1500-3000 |
b. 3000-10,000 RPM |
|
The positive side of the x-ray tube is the :
a. Anode b. Cathode c. Window d. Focusing cup |
a. Anode |
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mAs determines the _______ of the x-ray beam
a. Quality b. Charge c. Quantity d. Penetrability |
c. Quantity |
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kVp determines the _______ of the x-ray beam.
a. Quality b. Charge c. Quantity d. Amount |
a. Quality |
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Total filtration in an x-ray machine that operates above 70 kVp must be no less than:
a. 3.5mm AL b. 2.5 mm lead c. 2.5 mm AL d. 5 mm AL |
c. 2.5mm AL |
|
A dual focus tube has two:
a. Cathode filaments b. Anodes c. Tubes d. Focusing cups |
a. Cathode filaments |
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The x-ray beam is primarily made of:
a. Characteristic radiation b. Compton rays c. Photoelectric rays d. Bremssstrahlung rays |
D. Bremsstrahlung |
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Characteristic x-rays are only useful if they are created as a result of ionization of the _______ shell.
a. L b. K c. M d. N |
b. K |
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When making an x-ray exposure, which of the following does not occur?
a. The anode begins to rotate b. Voltage is applied across the tube c. Current is applied to the filament d. A space charge is created |
b. Voltage is applied across the tube |
|
___________ describes the relationship between the actual and effective focal spot.
a. Anode heel effect b. Target angle c. Anode target d. Line focus principle |
d. Line focus principle |
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Filtration in an x-ray tube is designed to remove:
a. High energy photons b. Low energy photons c. Low energy electrons d. High energy electrons |
b. Low energy photons |
|
How many heating units are produced when using a single phase x-ray unit, 400 mA, 200 ms, and 70 kVp?
a. 5600 HU b. 7560 HU c. 7560 HU d. 7,560,000 HU |
a. 5600 HU
400 x 200 x 70 x (single phase) 1 |
|
The reduction in the number and energy of x-ray photons as a result of absorption and scattering is known as:
a. Absorption b. Compton c. Attenuation d. Photoelectric effect |
c. Attenuation |
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Total x-ray absorption as a result of interaction with an inner shell electron is known as the:
a. Compton effect b. Photoelectric effect c. Attenuation d. Beam loss |
b. Photoelectric effect |
|
In order to produce 12 mAs, how long should the exposure time be when using 600 mA?
a. .002 s b. .02 s c. .2 s d. 2 s |
b. .02 s
12 mAs / 600 mA = .02 s |
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Which interaction occurs as a result of x-ray interaction with an outer shell electron and results in scatter radiation?
a. Photoelectric effect b. Compton effect c. Attenuation d. Beam diversion |
b. Compton effect |
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When the x-ray photon travels completely through the part, is has been:
a. Accelerated b. Attenuated c. Transmitted d. Absorbed |
c. Transmitted |
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As x-rays travel through tissue, they are reduced by _____% for every 4-5 cm.
a. 25% b. 30% c. 45% d. 50% |
d. 50% |
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_________ Radiation is the x-ray that leaves the body and reaches the IR to form the image.
a. Primary b. Secondary c. Exit/remnant d. Compton |
c. Exit/Remnant |
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X-rays are similar to:
a. Alpha particles b. Gamma rays c. Beta particles d. Radioactive atoms |
b. Gamma rays |
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which of the following has a low ionization rate and travels farthest in tissue?
a. Beta particles b. X-rays c. Alpha particles d. UV Light |
b. X-rays |
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Density refers to the overall _________ on an image.
a. light b. Blackness c. Detail d. Resolution |
b. Blackness |
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The degree of difference between blacks and whites on an image refers to image:
a. Density b. Contrast c. Resolution d. Detail |
b. Contrast |
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Radiographic film images are described in terms of their scale of contrast. High contrast =________.
a. Short scale b. Long scale c. Many shades of gray d. A foggy image |
a. Short scale |
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A film image with a large number of similar densities:
a. Appears gray b. Has long scale contrast c. Has low contrast d. All the above |
d. All the above |
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Pixel bit depth determines:
a. Resolution b. Recorded detail c. Dynamic range d. Density |
c. Dynamic range |
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Spatial resolution is improved with:
a. Increased pixel size b. Increased pixel pitch c. Increased pixel density d. Increased pixel bit depth |
c. Increased pixel density |
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Misrepresentation of the true size and shape of an object on the image defines:
a. Recorded detail b. Resolution c. Distortion d. Scatter |
c. Distorion |
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A large OID will result in:
a. Reduction in the size of the object b. A magnified object c. Distorted shape of the object d. No change |
b. A magnified object |
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For every _______ of part thickness, the radiographer should adjust the mAs by a factor of 2.
a. 2-3cm b. 4-5cm c. 6-7cm d. 7-8cm |
b. 4-5cm |
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If the first radiograph of a foot is done using 4 mAs at 40 inches, and a second radiograph is done using 50 inches, how much mAs should be used to maintain exposure to the IR?
a. 1 mAs b. 2 mAs c. 6 mAs d. 12 mAs |
c. 6 mAs |
|
With film screen imaging, what is the primary controller of image contrast?
a. kVp b. mAs c. Time d. None of the above |
a. KvP |
|
A grainy image that results from to few photons describes:
a. Distortion b. Magnification c. Quantum Noise d. High contrast
|
c. Quantum Noise |
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According to the 15% rule, changing kVp requires adjusting the mAs by a factor of _______?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6 |
a. 2 |
|
An unwanted density on the image is referred to as an:
a. Image error b. Artifact c. Density image d. Exposure error |
b. Artifact |
|
When compared to film, digital has a wider:
a. Density range b. Image range c. Dynamic range d. Detail range |
c. Dynamic range |
|
A larger image matrix provides:
a. Improved spatial resolution b. Decreased spatial resolution c. Improved magnification d. Less recorded detail |
a. Improved spatial resolution |
|
It is better if pixel pitch is:
a. Higher b. Smaller c. Non existent d. Smooth |
b Smaller |
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With film, optical density measures the light transmitted through the film. For every 0.3 changes in optical density, the light transmitted is changed by a factor of:
a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. 1 |
c. 2 |
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The device that measures the amount of blackness on a radiographic film image is a:
a. Sensitometer b. Density meter c. Light density meter d. Densitometer |
d. Densitometer |
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When a film-screen image needs to be repeated because it to dark, the minimum change to mAs needs to be:
a. Reduce mAs by 30% b. Reduce the mAs by 50% c. Increase the mAs by 30% d. Increase the mAs by a factor of 2 |
b. Reduce the mAs by a factor of 50% |
|
A small focal spot size provides:
a. Less recorded detail b. Improved recorded detail c. No change in detail d. None of the above |
b. Improved recorded detail |
|
The cathode is made of _____ because of its high melting point.
A. Tungsten b. Molybdenum c. Graphite d. Aluminum |
a. Tungsten |
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A radiographic grid is used to:
a. Absorb exit radiation b. Absorb primary radiation c. Absorb scattered radiation d. Support the patient |
c. Absorb scattered radiation |
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Since kVp controls contrast with film_screen imaging, what change in kVp is necessary to increase contrast on a film-screen exposure?
A. Reduction by 15% b. Increase by 15% c. Reduction by 5% d. Increase by 5% |
a. Reduction by 15% |
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Why is it important for a technologist to always check the exposure indicator number?
a. Ensure that the patient was not overexposed b. Ensure that the technique used was a good technique c. Patient safety d. All the above |
D. All the above |
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The SOD can be determined by:
a. Adding SID and OID b. Adding MF to the OID c. Subtracting the OID from the SID d. Subtracting the SID from the MF |
c. Subtracting the OID from the SID |
|
If the image size is 5" and the SID is 40" with a 35" SOD, what is the object size?
a. 3.38" b. 2.38" c. 4.38" d. 5.38" |
c. 4.38" |
|
MF =
a. OID/SID b. SID/SOD c. OID/SOD d. SID/OID |
b. SID/SOD |
|
A quality radiograph is obtained using 5 mAs at kVp without using a grid. What new mAs is needed when adding a 12:1 grid to maintain the same exposure?
a. 15 mAs b. 25 mAs c. 20 mAs d. 35 mAs |
b. 25 mAs |
|
Which x-ray generator will provide the most efficiency?
a. Single phase b. Three phase 6 pulse c. Three phase 12 pulse d. High frequency |
d. high frequency |
|
mAs determines:
a. The quality of the x-ray beam b. The positivity at the anode c. The quantity of electrons that thermionically emit from the cathode d. The degree of negative charge placed on the focusing |
c. The quantity of electrons that thermionically emit from the cathode |
|
More scatter =
a. Less scatter b. less technique c. More scatter d. Higher contrast |
c. More scatter |
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How is the quality of the image affected when more then the needed radiation exposure reaches the digital image receptor?
a. No effect b. Decreased brightness c. Increased brightness d. Higher contrast |
a. No effect |