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109 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What number is 15% more than 80?
92
What number is 15% less than 80?
68
What is the boiling and freezing points of water on both scales?
32F 212F 0C 100C
How many cm is 40 in?
40x2.54= 108.6 cm
An original technique at 40in SID used 10 mAs. What new mAs will be needed if the SID is doubled?
40 mAs
An original technique at 40 in SID gave an exposure of 15 mr/hr. What would be the exposure if the SID is doubled?
3.75 mr/hr
What is Einstein's theory and equation? What do the initials mean?
E-=mc^2
enery= mass times the speed of light squared
What are the three fundamental units?
mass, length, time
what are derived units and what are four examples?
combination of 2 fundamental units.
volume, area, density, velocity, temperature
energy
actual or potential energy to do work
electromagnetic radiation
electric and magnetic disturbances
thermal energy
motion of molecules
speed of light
186,000 miles per second
3x10^8 cm/sec
3x10^10 mm/sec
work
work=Fd
measure in Joules
kinetic energy
KE
energy of motion
Potential energy
PE
energy of position
kilo
10^3
1000
hecto
10^2
nano
10^-9
milli
10^-3
.001
deka
10^1
da
mm
millimeters
mega
10^6
micro
10^-6
centi
10^-2
Power
P=IV (amps x volts)
P=work/t
measure in Watts
physics
study of relationship between matter and energy
radiologic physics
origins, nature and behavior of x-rays and related types of radiation
Ten Day Rule
day 1-10 of menstrual cycle is safest for x-rays
matter
anything that occupies space and has form/shape
ionization
removal or addition of electron
neutral atom
protons equal to electrons
ion
protons not equal to electrons
unstable atom
p and n not getting along
joule
J (unit of work or energy)
erg
unit of work or energy
resistance/ohm (R)
hinderance to flow of electrons
ampere (I)
current
voltage (V)
pushes electrons
watt/ horsepower
unit of power
direct proportion
as a increases b increases or as a decreases b decreases
inverse proportion
as a increases b decreases
speed (velocity)
motion of an object
V=d/t
measure in m/s
acceleration
rate of change of velocity
specific gravity
no units
compared to density of water
temperature
measures molecules in motion
cryogens
liquid coolants (very cold) used to keep MRI magnet cool
Nitrogen and Helium
Gravity
9.8 m/s
momentum
p=mv
measured in kg-m/s
inertia
ability of an object to resist change
what type of proportion?
amount of exposure and time
direct
what type of proportion?
lead and patient/operator radiation dose
inverse
what type of proportion?
SID and exposure
inverse
what type of proportion?
mAs and film density
direct
what type of proportion?
kV and wavelength
inverse
what type of proportion?
SID and film density
inverse
what type of proportion?
mA and time
inverse
What does SID stand for?
source- image receptor distance
What does OID stand for?
object-image receptor distance
What does SOD stand for?
source-object distance
What type of cooling mechanism does the x-ray tube use?
thermal radiation
What are three types of cooling mechanisms?
radiation, convection, conduction
What are Newton's Three Laws in order?
1. Law of Inertia
2. Law of force (F=ma)
3. Law of Action/ Reaction
1895
x-rays are discovered
1901
Roentgen wins Nobel Prize in physics
1907
Snook transformer is introduced
1913
Bohr's atom
Coolidge hot-filament tube is developed
1920
ASRT founded
1896
Edison develops fluoroscope
first medical applications of x-rays in diagnosis and therapy are made
1921
Potter-Bucky grid introduced
1929
rotating anode introduced
Forssmann demonstrates cardiac cath on himself
1942
First automatic (Pako) film processor
phototimer introduced
1956
Automatic roller transport film processor introduced (Eastman Kodak)
xeromammography
1965
90 second film processor is introduced (Eastmon Kodak)
1972
rare earth intensifying screens are introduced
1973
first CT (Hounsfield) development completed
MRI first demonstrated in experiments (Damadian and Lauterbur)
Roentgen
discovered x-rays
Edison
early experimenter with calcium tungstate
fluoroscope
Dally
first radiation fatality in U.S.
Edison's assistant
Pupin
intensifying screen contributor
developed first CaWO4 intensifying screen
Crookes
developed first gas tube with cathode rays
Coolidge
developed hot-filament x-ray tube (1910)
Snook
developed the transformer (1907)
Hounsfield
developed first CT scanner (1993)
developed first reciprocating grid
Potter
developed hot-filament x-ray tube
Coolidge
Measured different potential in metals
Galvanti
demonstrates digital fluroscopy
Mistretta
formed the periodic table
Mendeleev
developed first CT scanner
Hounsfield
experiemented with atoms and mass
Rutherford
experimented with dosages of radiation
Joule
stated work=force x distance
Joule's law
measured various electromagnetic radiations
Faraday
mother of radioactivity
Curie
invented first battery
Volta
developed first gas tube with cathode rays
Crookes
conducted experiments with wavelength
Maxwell
conducted experiements with barium platinocyanide
Rankin
developed first grid
Bucky
developed first intensifying screen
Stokes
stated energy is mass x speed of light squared in a vacuum
Einstein
conducted experiments with mass, space, and atom
Bohr
early experimenter with calcium tungstate
Edison
experimented with uranium and radioactive material
Becquerel
showed relationship between volts, amperes, and resistance
Ohm
Developed first calcium tungstate screen
Pupin
first patient to be radiographed
Roentgen
developed first electronic phototiming device
Morgan