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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Refers to a category of people who share inherited physical characteristics that distinguish them from others |
Biological race |
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A people who are perceived to belong to the same broad category loosely based on a number of visible shared physical characteristics |
Social race |
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A number of southern states once had laws with restrictive definitions of white declaring that someone having as little as 1/32 negro blood was legally black |
One-drop rule |
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A category of people defined on the basis of their cultural characteristics and common cultural heritage |
Ethnicity |
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A subordinate group that occupies an inferior position of prestige, wealth, and power |
Minority group |
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Rigidly held and usually negative attitudes, beliefs, and feelings towards members of another group or people occupying a social status because they occupy that status |
Prejudice |
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An ideology used to justify prejudice and discrimination toward members of another race based on a belief in the inherent superiority of one racial group and the inherent inferiority of others |
Racism |
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The unfavorable treatment of people, denying them opportunities or right because of their group membership or for other arbitrary reasons |
Discrimination |
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Discrimination that stems from prejudicial attitudes, that is, behaviors with intent to discriminate |
Attitudinal discrimination |
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Organizational practices and societal trends that exclude minorities from economic opportunities and power |
Institutional discrimination |
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The systematic killing of people within one category, often with the intent of eliminating the entire category of people |
Genocide |
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The forcible ejection of a minority from an area |
Direct expulsion |
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The use of harassment, discrimination, and persecution to encourage minorities to leave |
Indirect expulsion |
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Policies that refuse admission or citizenship to certain categories of people |
Exclusion |
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Policies that exploit a minority group by excluding it from equal participation in society |
Oppression |
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The formal separation of different categories of people |
Segregation |
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When a minority group is absorbed into the dominant culture |
Assimilation |
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Occurs when minorities are integrates into primary and secondary social relationships with the dominant group, working in the same organizations, attending the same schools, living in the same neighborhoods, and so on |
Secondary assimilation |
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Occurs when the minority groups internalize the norms, values, and behaviors of the dominant culture |
Cultural assimilation |
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Occurs when minorities adopt the traits of the dominant group to produce a homogenous society centered around the dominant group |
Anglo-conformity |
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A view of assimilation in which ethnic groups contribute to the creation of a new society and culture different from that any single group brought with them |
Melting pot |
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Occurs when ethnic and racial groups coexist equally while preserving their distinctive identities |
Multiculturalism |
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Consists of people who are highly prejudiced, tend to see the world rigidly in terms of right and wrong, and are uncomfortable with ambiguity |
Authoritarian personality |
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Argues that prejudice is more likely to occur in situations in which the social structure encourages such prejudice |
Structural-functional theory |
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Argue that members of the dominant social classes manipulate racial and ethnic prejudice to distract workers from their more fundamental conflict with capitalists |
Conflict theory |
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Argues that stereotypes often produce a self-fulfilling prophecy |
Symbolic interactionist perspective |
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A category of people having little power who they can unfairly blame for their troubles |
Scapegoats |
