Race And Ethnic Groups Chapter 1

Front 1

subordinate group whose members have significantly less control over their own lives than do the members of a dominant or majority group

Back 1

minority group

Front 2

five characteristics of a minority or subordinate group

Back 2

unequal treatment, distinguishing physical or cultural traits, involuntary membership, awareness of subordination, and in-group marriage

Front 3

four criteria for classifying minority groups

Back 3

race, ethnicity, religion, and gender

Front 4

minorities and the correponding majorities socially set apart because of obvious physical differences

Back 4

racial groups

Front 5

groups set apart from others because of their national origins or distinctive cultural patterns

Back 5

ethnic groups

Front 6

other than the main four, factors that are used to subordinate groups of people

Back 6

age, disability status, physical appearance, sexual orientation

Front 7

the idea of what is based on the mistaken notion of a genetically isolated human group

Back 7

biological race

Front 8

race is not biological but actually a what

Back 8

social construct

Front 9

ratio of a person's mental age to his or her chronological age, multiplied by 100

Back 9

IQ

Front 10

belief in the inheritance of behavior patterns and in an association between physical and cultural traits coupled with the feeling that certain groups or races are inherently superior to others

Back 10

racism

Front 11

sociohistorical process by which racial categories are created, inhibited, transformed, and destroyed

Back 11

racial formation

Front 12

systematic study of social behavior and human groups

Back 12

sociology

Front 13

structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal rewards and power in society

Back 13

stratification

Front 14

social ranking of people who share similar wealth

Back 14

class

Front 15

perspective that emphasizes how the parts of society are structured to maintain its stability

Back 15

functionalist perspective

Front 16

elements of society that may disrupt a social system or decrease its stability

Back 16

dysfunctions

Front 17

perspective that assumes social structure is best understood in terms of conflict or tension between competing groups

Back 17

conflict perspective

Front 18

portraying the problems of racial and ethnic minorities as their fault rather than recognizing society's responsibility

Back 18

blaming the victim

Front 19

the image that prejudiced people maintain of a group toward which they hold ill feelings

Back 19

stereotype

Front 20

responding to negative stereotypes and acting on them, with the result that false definitions become accurate

Back 20

self-fulfilling prophecy

Front 21

general term used to describe any transfer of population

Back 21

migration

Front 22

leaving a country to settle in another

Back 22

emigration

Front 23

coming into a new country

Back 23

immigration

Front 24

the worldwide integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas

Back 24

globalization

Front 25

when a nation incorporates or attaches new land

Back 25

annexation

Front 26

maintenance of political, social, economic, and cultural dominance over people by a foreign power for an extended period

Back 26

colonialism

Front 27

theory that views the global economic system as divided between nations that control wealth and those that provide natural resources and labor

Back 27

world systems theory

Front 28

pattern of oppression between the dominant and subordinate peoples within the same country

Back 28

internal colonialism

Front 29

the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation

Back 29

genocide

Front 30

the forced deportation of people, accompanied by systematic violence

Back 30

ethnic cleansing

Front 31

dominant group forces a specific subordinate group to leave certain areas or even to vacate a country

Back 31

expulsion

Front 32

six consequences of subordinate-group status

Back 32

extermination, expulsion, secession, segregation, fusion, and assimilation

Front 33

when a group ceases to be a subordinate group by leaving to form a new nation or moving to an already established nation, where it becomes dominant

Back 33

secession

Front 34

physical separation of two groups in residence, workplace, and social functions

Back 34

segregation

Front 35

physical separation of racial and ethnic groups reappearing after a period of relative integration

Back 35

resegregation

Front 36

occurs when a minority and a majority group combine to form a new group

Back 36

fusion

Front 37

the process by which a dominant group and a subordinate group combine through intermarriage into a new people

Back 37

amalgamation

Front 38

the process by which a subordinate individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant group and is eventually accepted as part of that group

Back 38

assimilation

Front 39

when various groups in a society have mutual respect for one another's culture, allowing minorities to express their own culture without suffering prejudice or discrimination

Back 39

pluralism

Front 40

the development of solidarity between ethnic subgroups

Back 40

panethnicity

Front 41

the status of being between two cultures

Back 41

marginality

Front 42

illustrates how several social factors--including gender, social class, and race and ethnicity--can converge to create a cumulative impact on a person's social standing

Back 42

matrix of domination

Front 43

perspective that emphasizes the customs of African cultures and how they have pervaded the history , culture and behavior of Blacks in the United States and around the world

Back 43

Afrocentric perspective