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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the vaginal fornix?
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Pocketing of vagina - spermatazoa can hide here
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What is the vestibular bulb?
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Thickened area of CT
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Which muscles are found at the exterior end of the vagina?
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Constrictor vulvae
Constrictor vestibuli |
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Ovary to uterus?
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Ovary
Uterine tube Uterine horn Body of uterus |
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Where does the suspensory ligament go from and to?
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Ovary to transverse fascia near last rib in carnivores
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What are the 3 broad ligaments?
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Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx Mesometrium |
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Which ligament descends from the ovary to the uterine tube?
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Mesosalpinx
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Which ligament suspends the ovaries?
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Mesovarium
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Where is the mesometrium found?
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Attaches to uterus, cervix and cranial vagina
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What is the ovarian bursa?
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Extension of the mesovarium, pockets the ovary
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What is the utero-ovarian ligament?
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Between ovary and cranial uterine tube
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What is the round ligament?
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Passes from mid uterine horn to inguinal canal
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Where is the intercornual ligament found?
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Between uterine horns
Dorsal and ventral parts in the cow |
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Describe how the ova travels from the ovary
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Ova captured by fimbriae of infundibulum
Ova goes through infundibulum to uterine tube to isthmus, which is where it is fertilised |
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What are the 3 parts of the uterine tube?
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Infundibulum
Ampulla Isthmus |
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What can knowledge of reproductive anatomy be applied to?
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Rectal palpation
Ultrasound Spaying Placentation Vaginal smear Abnormalities AI |
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Briefly describe the topography of reproductive organs
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In pelvis, in lumbosacral region
Ventral to rectogenital pouch, dorsal to vesicogenital pouch |
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Where are the ovaries positioned in the bi t ch?
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Dorsal and caudal to kidneys
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Describe the position of the uterus in the nongravid bi tch and in the pregnant one
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Short and caudal
Extends cranially in pregnancy |
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What blood vessels supply the reproductive organs in the bitch?
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Ovarian artery -> uterine artery -> vaginal artery
Internal iliac artery |
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Describe the anatomy of the sow's reproductive organs
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Ovary - mobile, rounded with follicles
Sphincter at uterotubal junction Uterine horn - long, flexuous and freely movable Uterine body - short Cervix - long Upturned conical vulva |
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What are 2 examples of abnormal genitalia in sows
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Infantile vulva - reduced vulva, turned more upwards
Pseudohermaphroditism - enlarged clitoris, penis-like |
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Describe the topography of the ovaries, uterine horn and cervix in the sow
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Ovaries - suspended by mesovarium, ventrolateral to pelvic inlet
Uterine horn - suspended by broad ligaments, cranial to pelvic inlet Cervix - in abdominal cavity and pelvic inlet |
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Describe the anatomy of the reproductive organs in the cow
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Ovaries - firm, large corpus luteum
Uterine horn - short, double intercornual ligaments Uterine body - large cavity Labia round and clitoris long |
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Where does the uterine uterus sit in the cow?
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Non-gravid - in pelvic inlet
Gravid - extends cranially |
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How do you tell the difference between ruminant uteri and sow/mare uteri?
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Ruminants - obvious bumps - caruncles - implantation areas
Mare and sow - sow smooth but with little folds, mare more folded |
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Difference between caruncles of breeds of sheep
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Highland breeds - melanin in caruncles - dark
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Describe the anatomy of the reproductive organs of the mare
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Ovaries - follicles concealed by richly vascularised connective tissue
Specific ovulation fossa Well developed ovarian bursa Sphincter at uterotubal junction Large body of uterus Short cervix Large clitoris |
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Describe the topography of the equine reproductive organs
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Ovaries - dorsal part of abdomen, found cranioventral to lumbar 5 iliac wings
Uterus - suspended by broad ligament Cervix short Vagina mostly retroperitoneal |
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In which animals is the uterine horn more fused?
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Mare and cow
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What is the difference between mare and sow cervix
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Mare - short
Sow - long |
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Why is it useful for the arterial and venous supply of the reproductive organs to be close together?
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Allows exchange of hormones - hormones don't get into general circulation
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What is Freemartinism?
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Infertile female twin from mixed sex twins - common in cows
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What is intersex?
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Variation in sex characteristics: chromosomes, genitalia - individual cannot be identified as either male or female
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What is a double uterus?
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Double uterus due to congenital abnormalities, also sometimes double cervix and vagina
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Name 4 common diseases associated with the reproductive organs
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Hydrosalpinx
Prolapse Carcinoma UTIs |
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What condition is this?
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Male pseudohermaphroditism - pseudo used because only testes present, male used because testes not ovaries (ALTHOUGH IN BOOKLET IT SAYS OVARIES PRESENT TOO SO W T F)
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