Quiz 3 Gewirtz Ch 6

Front 1

Punishment

Back 1

Punishment:
A particular behavior occurs,
A consequence immediately follows the behavior,
As a result, the behavior is less likely to occur again in the future.

Front 2

Punisher

Back 2

Punisher (Aversive Stimulus)
is a consequencec that makes a particular behavior less likely to occurs in the future.

Front 3

How do you know it is a punisher?

Back 3

You can only define it as a punisher if the behavior decreases in the future.

Front 4

Postive Punishment

Back 4

Postive Punishment:
The occurance of a behavior, is followed by the presentation of an aversive stimulus,
and as a result, the behavior is less likely to occur in the future.

Front 5

Negative Punishment

Back 5

Negative Punishment:
The occurance of a behavior, is followed by the removal of a reinforcing stimulus,
and as a result the behavior is less likely to occur in the future.

Front 6

Premack principle

Back 6

Premack principle states that when a person is made to enage in a low probability behavior contingent on a high probability behavior, the high probability behavior will decrease in frequency.

Front 7

Is there an extinction burst with punishment?

Back 7

NO

Front 8

Define two types of negative punishment

Back 8

Time out from positive reinforcement
AND
Response Cost.

Both involve loss of a reinforcing stimulus or activity after the occurance of a problem behavior.

Front 9

Unconditioned Punishers

Back 9

Unconditioned Punishers:
painful stimulis or extreme levels of stimulation

Front 10

Conditioned Punisher

Back 10

Conditioned Punisher:
stimuli or events that function as a punisher only after being paired with unconditioned punishers or other existing conditioned punishers.

i.e. Parking ticket

Front 11

Generalized Conditoned Punisher

Back 11

Generalized Conditoned Punisher:
stimuli that has been paired with a variety of other unconditioned and conditioned punishers over the course of a persons life.

i.e. Word "NO"

Front 12

Factors that Influence the Effectiveness of Punishment:

Back 12

Immediacy: faster after the response more likely the behavior to weaken.

Contingency: punishing stimulus must occur every time the behavior occurs.

Establishing operations: event or a condition that makes the consequence more effective as a punisher.
i.e. deprivation...drugs

Characteristic of the Consequence: the more intense the aversive stimulus the more effective punisher.

Front 13

Problems with punishment:

Back 13

Aggression
Escape/Avoidance Behavior (runaway and hide)
Negative Reinforcement of the Use of Punishment
Punishment may be modeled.
Ethical Issues

Front 14

Punishment must always be used in conjuction with:

Back 14

Punishment must always be used in conjuction with "positive reinforcement"