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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The ____ is the brain of the computer and the most expensive piece of hardware.
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CPU
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______ is connected directly to the CPU. All programs must be loaded into here before they can be executed.
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Main memory (RAM)
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Main memory is an order of sequence cells called __________. Each cell has a unique location in main memory called the __________ of the cell.
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memory cell. . . address
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The device that stores information permanently is called ___________.
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secondary storage
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The devices that feed data and programs into computers are called _________. |
input devices (keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.)
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The devices that the computer uses to display results are called ________. |
output devices (monitor, printer, etc.)
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__________ control the computer.
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System programs
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The __________ handles the overall activity of the computer and provides services. |
operating system
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__________ perform a specific task. (word processors, spreadsheets, etc.)
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Application programs
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A program that translates a program written in assembly language into an equivalent program in machine language is a(n) _________.
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assembler |
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A program that translates instructions written in a high-level language into the equivalent machine language is a(n) ______.
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complier
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A program written in high level language is a(n) ______.
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source program
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The machine language version of the high-level language program is a(n) ______. |
object program
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A program that combines the object program with the programs in the library and is used in the program to create the executable code is a(n) ____. |
linker
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A program that loads an executable program into main memory is a(n) _______.
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loader
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A step-by-step problem solving process in which a solution is arrived at in a finite amount of time is a(n) _____.
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algorithm
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A C++ program is a collection of _________
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functions
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Every C++ program has a function called ____ |
main
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A ____ comment starts with // anywhere in the line
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single-line
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______ comments are enclosed between /* and */
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Multiline
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The _____ ignores comments
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complier
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__________ cannot be used as identifiers in a program
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Reserved words
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All reserved words in C++ consist of _____ letters
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lowercase
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In C++, ______ are names of things
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identifiers
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A C++ ______ consists of letters, digits, and underscores and must begin with a letter or underscore
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identifier
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_______ include blanks, tabs, and newline characters
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Whitespaces
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A ___________ is a set of values together with a set of allowed operations |
data type
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C++ ________ fall into the following three categories: simple, structured, and pointers |
data types
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There are three categories of simple data: _____, ____, and ____. |
integral, floating-point, and enumeration
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______ data types are classified into the following categories: char, short, int, long, bool, unsigned short, unsigned int, unsigned long, long long, and unsigned long long |
Integral
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The values belonging to ____ data type are -2147483648 (= -2^31) to 2147483647 (= -2^31 – 1) |
int
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The data type ____ has only two values: true and false
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bool
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The most common _______ sets are ASCII, which has 128 values, and EBCDIC, which has 256 values |
character
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The _______ sequence of a character is its preset number in the character data set |
collating
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C++ provides three data types to manipulate decimal numbers: ____, _____, and _____. |
float, double, and long double
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The data type ____ is used in C++ to represent any real number between -3.4*10^38 and 3.4*10^38. The memory allocated for a value of the float data type is four bytes |
float
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The data type _____ is used in C++ to represent any real number between -1.7*10^308 and 1.7*10^308. The memory allocated for a value of the double data type is eight bytes. |
double
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The _____ operators in C++ are addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus (%)
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arithmetic
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The _______ operator (%) takes only integer operands
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modulus
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__________ expressions are evaluated using the precedence rules and the associativity of the arithmetic operators |
Arithmetic
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All operands in an integral expression, or integer expression, are ______, and all operands in a floating-point expression are ______ numbers. |
integers. . . decimal
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A _____ expression is an expression that consists of both integers and decimal numbers
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mixed
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When evaluating an operator in an expression, an integer is converted to a ___________ number, with a decimal part of 0, only if the operator has mixed operands.
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floating-point
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You can use the ____ operator to explicitly convert values from one data type to another
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cast |
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A _____ is a sequence of zero or more characters
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string
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Strings in C++ are enclosed in ____________ |
double quotation marks |
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A string containing no characters is called a ____ or ______ string |
null or empty
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Every ______ in a string has a relative position in the string. The position of the first ________ is 0, the second is 1, and so on |
character
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The length of a string is the number of ______ in it |
characters
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True or false: During program execution, the contents of a named constant cannot be changed |
true
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A named constant is declared by using the reserved word _____ |
const
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A named constant must be ________ when it is declared |
initialized
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All variables must be _______before they can be used
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declared
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True or false: C++ automatically initializes variables |
False |
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Every _______ has a name, value, data type, and size |
variable |
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True or false: When a new value is assigned to a variable, the old value is lost
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True
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In C++, >> is called the __________ |
stream extraction operator |
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Input from the __________ is accomplished by using cin and the stream extraction operator >> |
standard input device |
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When data is input in a program, the data items, such as numberm are usually separated by ___, ____, or _____ |
blanks, lines, or tabs |
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In C++, << is called the ___________.
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stream insertion operator
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Output of the program to the ________ is accomplished by using cout and the stream insertion operator << |
standard output device |
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The manipulator _____ positions the insertion point at the beginning of the next line on an output device |
endl
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True or false: Outputting or accessing the value of a variable in an expression destroys or modifies the contents of the variable |
False |
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The character \ is called the _____ character
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escape
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The sequence \n is called the _____ escape sequence |
newline
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All preprocessor commands start with the symbol __.
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#
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The preprocessor commands are processed by the _________ before the program goes through the compiler |
preprocessor
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The preprocessor command _________ instructs the preprocessor to include the header file iostream in the program |
#include
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True or false: To use cin and cout, the program must include the header file iostream and either include the statement using namespace std; or refer to these identifiers as std::cin and std::cout |
True
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All C++ statements end with a semicolon. The semicolon in C++ is called ___________. |
the statement terminator
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A C++ system has three components: _____, _____, and ______. |
environment, language, and the standard libraries
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_________ are not part of the C++ language. They contain functions to perform operations, such as mathematical operations |
Standard libraries
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A file containing a C++ program usually ends the extension _____. |
.cpp
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_________ are executable statements that tell the user what to do |
Prompt lines
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Corresponding to the five arithmetic operators +, -, *, /, and %, C++ provides five compound operators: +=, -=, *=/=, and %=
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Fact
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