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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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One of the individuals cited as a founder ofcontemporary behavioral neuroscience is Hermann von Helmholtz. Which of thefollowing are true (and relevant) about von Helmholtz and his role as a founderof behavioral neuroscience?
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A: Lived from 1821 to 1894
A: He was one of the first scientists to considerin detail the importance of memory, knowledge, retained experience, on simplestperceptual act. |
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The distinction between inner and outer psychophysics was initially suggested by
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Gustav Fechner
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What best characterizes the difference between ion pumps and ion channels?
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Pumps move ions through membraneagainst their concentration gradient, while channels move ions across themembrane according to their concentration gradient act.
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Which of the following are true about Gustav Fechner?
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A: he authored what is considered to be the first textbook in scientific psychology, entitled "Elements of psychophysics."
A: His first work relevant to behavioral neurosciencewas begun in 1838, and concerned the perception of color. A: He lived from 1801-1887. A: He was cited as one of the three founders ofcontemporary behavioral neuroscience. |
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which is one of the benefits of en passent synapses?
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they allow for large numbers of synaptic contacts without the need to build axon collaterals for each synapse
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What is one of the practical implications of the randomness that is pervasive across levels of analysis in behavioral neuroscience?
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We need a language for theorizing that is capable of rigorously characterizing that randomness, such as probability theory (statistics).
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What does anterograde axoplasmic transport support?
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it allows proteins and lipids synthesized in the soma to be transported throughout the axon
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In the first lecture of the semester, we discussed a set of fundamental challenges to the scientific study of behavioral neuroscience. Choose those that are correct from the following set of options.
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A: Randomness is a fundamental property of the biological systems that we are studying, at every level of analysis.
A: Our subjective experience of the external world is physically and temporally decoupled from the external world. A: we are observing ourselves A: he biological systems we are studying are limited in their responsiveness to the energies of the external world |
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: Which of the following are reasons why neurons are among the most metabolically active cells in the body?
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A: structural complexity
A: need to assemble an extensive cytoskeleton and cellular membrane A: need to concentrate a number of ions against a concentration gradient |
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What effect does an increase in diameter have onan axon's biophysical properties?
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it decreases the axon's cytoplasmic resistance
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What are the differences between graded potentials and action potentials? Choose all that apply.
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A: graded potentials are monophasic, action potentials are biphasic
A: graded potentials are passively conducted, action potentials are actively conducted A: graded potentials have variable amplitude, action potentials have constant amplitude |
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Every myelinated axon consists of a series of myelin segments that are separated from each other by short intervals called _____________.
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A: nodes of Ranvier
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Q: What structural or functional property defines the nodes of Ranvier?
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A: they contain a high density of voltage-gated sodiumchannels
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Which type of synaptic connection is absent in the central nervous system?
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axoaxonic synapses on myelinated portions of axons
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Define the three levels of analysis that are critical to consider in understanding any phenomenon in behavioral neuroscience.
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Physical, neural, behavioral/subjective
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What is one of the negative aspects of retrograde axoplasmic transport?
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it provides a mechanism for the spread of viruses and toxins such as herpes, rabies, and polio in the CNS
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Multiple sclerosis is characterized by what neurologicalchanges?
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motor weakness and sensory impairment
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What sequence of biophysical events characterizes an action potential?
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: an influx of sodium followed by an efflux of potassium
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Why does myelination increase axonal conduction velocity?
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it increases the axon's length constant
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What biophysical events would hyperpolarize a typical neuron?
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A: an increase in K+ conductance
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Q: What biophysical changes are associated with the leading edge of an action potential?
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A: an increase in chloride conductance
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What type of synaptic interaction is mediated by axo-axonic synaptic contact?
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: pre-synaptic inhibition
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Of the individuals credited with the founding of contemporary behavioral neuroscience, who is responsible for the first use of the term “experimental psychology”
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Wilhelm Wundt
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Which of the following are considered in terms of a functional relationship from the perspective of outer psychophysics?
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A: response A: stimulus |
