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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cladistic view
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Taxa that are related process shared-derived characteristic
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Not Phenetic view - based on looking similar
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Parsimony
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entities should not be multiplied beyond necessity
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Homoplasy (Convergence)
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similarity between taxa resulting from any process other than descent from a common ancestor (convergent evolution or character reversal)
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Phylogeny
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tree-thinking; branching and diverging. Of traits
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Descent with modification
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Variation b/w Individuals
inheritance differential replication "selection & sorting" Charles Darwin's Origin of Species |
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Linnaean taxonomy
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Binomial taxonomy. hierarchical classification scheme Homo Sapiens
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Population Thinking
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emphasizing that individuals within a population exhibit variation
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Selection
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Non-random factor that pushes mean population variation in a particular direction over time
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Allopathic speciation
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through geographic isolation
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Sympatric speciation
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Absence of geographic isolation
Population begins to specialize in different food sources |
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Genotype
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genetic characteristic of individual
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Phenotype
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Physical characteristic of individual
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Allele
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Versions of the same inheritance unit may be in different forms.
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Heterozygous
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different alleles
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Homozygous
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same alleles
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Polygenic
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multiple genes + environmental effects
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Ontogeny
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Deals with the timing, patterns of growth, development and reproduction of an organism through the entire life span, from conception to death.
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Codon
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codes for 1 amino acids
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Translation
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mRNA amino acids (Protein)
Incytoplasm |
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Transciption
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Gene (DNA) - mRNA
Inside nucleus |
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Mitosis
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One cell division, identical copies
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Meiosis
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Diploid cells: pair of chromosomes present (Human cell 46chrom)
Haploid |
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Genetic Mutation
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completely new generic info. in species
new alleles+change codons used for protein synthesis |
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DNA molecule
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double helix
complementary base pairs Adenine-Thymine Cytosine-Guanine |
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Strepsirhines
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wet nose (lemurs & Lorise)
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Haplorhines
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Dry nose (Tarsiers, Monkeys, Ape)
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General Primate Features
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Large brains -long juvenile stages
Groping hands (and feet) Flattered nails Forward facing eyes |
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Platyrrhines
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Outward nostrils
3 premolars |
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Catarrhines
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Downward nostrils
2 premolars Aboreal |
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Cercopithicines
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Fruit eaters
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Colobines
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Leaf eaters
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Plesiadapiformes
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Primate ancestors
Appear 65 mya -Paleocene |
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Omomyids
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Haplorhine ancestor
Broader diets Resemble Tarsiers Probably nocturnal |
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Adapids
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Strepsirhine ancestor
Probably diurnal No tooth comb Ancestral to Haplorhines? |
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Ape Features
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Large brains + long juvenile stages
Grasping hands and feet flattened nails forward facing eyes (stereoscopic vision) - binocular |
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Polyandry
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Single female and multiple males
rare in primates |
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