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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
In the 1960s, humanistic psychologists considered the approach advanced by behaviorists to be excessively
mechanistic
The explanatory power of a scientific theory is most closely linked to its capacity to generate testable
predictions
Research participants are randomly assigned to different groups in an experiment in order to
reduce the likelihood of any preexisting differences between groups of participants.
To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?
naturalistic observation
Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support “welfare” than “aid to the needy.” These somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of
wording effects
The method of introspection was used by Edward Titchener to identify
sensory experiences
The case study is a research method in which
a single individual is studied in great depth
Psychology is currently defined as:
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Dr. Frye conducts research investigations on memory, with the intent of contributing to what is known about human memory processes.
Basic Research
In a psychological experiment, the experimental factor that is manipulated by the investigator is called the ________ variable.
independent
Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies, ________ ensures that research participants' belief in a drug's healing powers will not bias the results
the double-blind procedure
To accurately infer cause and effect, experimenters should use
random assignment
Research participants who carefully observe and report their immediate thoughts and feelings in response to different musical sounds are using the method known as
introspection
In a test of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem-solving skills, research participants are allowed to sleep either 4 or 8 hours on each of three consecutive nights. This research is an example of
an experiment
To represent graphically the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a
scatterplot
To determine whether the strength of people's self-esteem is related to their income levels, researchers would most likely make use of
correlational research
Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables?
–0.12
If the correlation between the physical weight and reading ability of children is +0.85, this would indicate that
better reading ability is associated with greater physical weight among children.
A hypothesis is a(n)
testable prediction that gives direction to research.
The first psychological laboratory was established by
Wilhelm Wundt.