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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the general sequence of events in terms of follicular development?
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During embryogenesis, primordial germ cells develop from mesoderm in the allantois, migrate to the ovary, and then proliferate and differentiate into primordial follicles. Primordial follicles are arrested in growth until menarche, and some remain so until menopause. At the beginning of each menstrual cycle, between 15 and 20 primordial follicles develop into primary follicles. Under the influence of gonadotropins and ovarian hormones, primary follicles grow; ultimately, however, only one primary follicle develops into a Graafian follicle and the remaining follicles undergo atresia. The Graafian follicle is ovulated, expelling the oocyte and corona radiate into the peritoneum while the zona granulosa cells remain in the ovary. The zona granulosa and surrounding theca cells develop into the corpus luteum, which in turn becomes atretic after 14 days. After several months, the corpus luteum has fully devolved into the corpus albicans. Follicular development from primary follicle to the last stage of corpus luteum requires approximately three complete menstrual cycles.
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The ovaries
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Where is estrogen produced?
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maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics
pubic hair and breasts, and they affect other tissues including the genital organs, skin, hair, blood vessels, bone, and pelvic muscles. |
What are some of the effects of estrogen?
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corpus luteum of the ovaries
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Where is progesterone produced?
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continues the preparation of the endometrium for a possible pregnancy
inhibits contraction of the uterus inhibits development of a new follicle ????? |
What are some effects of progesterone?
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In sustentacular (sertoli) cells
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Where is inhibin produced?
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Inhibits FSH by ant. pituitary and thus spermatogenesis
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What are some effects of inhibin?
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In ovaries
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Where is relaxin produced?
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Relaxes pubic symphysis and cervix - thus assisting in delivery (birth)
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What are some effects of relaxin?
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The rupture of a mature ovarian (Graafian) follicle with discharge of a secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity.
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What is ovulation?
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About the 14th day
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Ap. when does ovulation occur during the menstrual cycle?
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follicle begins to mature with FSH stimulation
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What causes ovulation?
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3 to 5 days
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How long is the average menstrual cycle
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lasts for roughly the first 5 days of the cycle
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What is the menstrual phase (menstration or menses)?
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spiral arteries rupture secondary to ischemia, releasing blood into the uterus, and the apoptosed endometrium is sloughed off and usually lasts four days. During this period, the functionalis is completely shed.
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What causes the menstrual phase?
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Before ovulation
is the time btwn the end of menstruation and ovulation. |
Preovulatory phase
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After ovulation
is the time btwn. ovulation and onset of the next menses. |
Postovulatory phase
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