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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the layers of the alimentary canal
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mucosa: mucosal epitheleum, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
Sub mucosa Muscularis Externa: inner circular and outer longitudinal layer Serosa/Adventitia: subserosal CT and serosal epithelium (mesothelium) |
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where are the two layers of enteric nervous system
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submucosa (meisner's) and between layers of muscularis externa
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what type of epithelium is found in the mucosal epithlium of the stomach
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simple columnar
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what is the cell type located in the mucosal epithelium of the stomach
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surface mucous cell (secretes mucin)
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invaginations of the mucosal epithelium in the stomach forms...
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gastric pits
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in the stomach in what layer would you expect to find glands
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mucosa
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which 5 types of cells would you find in the fundic glands
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parietal, gastric chief, mucous neck, enteroendocrine, and progenitor
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which cells secrete HCl and intrincic factor
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parietal cells
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how would you describe parietal cells
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large pyrimidal cell with spherical nucleus
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which structure of the parietal cell will increase the apical surface area
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intracellular canaliculus
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what part of the parietal cell stores apical membrane when not secreting
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tubulovesicular system
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which cell in the stomach secretes pepsinogen
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gastric chief cells
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what are the three parts of a fundic glands
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isthmus, neck and base
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in what part of the fundic gland would you find a gastric chief cell
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base
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what cell secretes mucins and is found in the neck of a gland
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mucous neck cell
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what cell secretes hormones into lamina propria and are located at the base of the cell
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enteroendocrine cell
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what type of cell produces all epitheleal cells and is located in the isthmus of gland
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progenitor cell
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which glands in the stomach are very deep, branched, and coiled
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pyloric glands
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what type of tissue is in the lamina propria
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highly cellular loose CT
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what type of tissue is in the muscularis mucosae
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thin sheat of smooth muscle
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what part of the parietal cell stores apical membrane when not secreting
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tubulovesicular system
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which cell in the stomach secretes pepsinogen
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gastric chief cells
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what are the three parts of a fundic glands
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isthmus, neck and base
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in what part of the fundic gland would you find a gastric chief cell
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base
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what cell secretes mucins and is found in the neck of a gland
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mucous neck cell
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what cell secretes hormones into lamina propria and are located at the base of the cell
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enteroendocrine cell
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what type of cell produces all epitheleal cells and is located in the isthmus of gland
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progenitor cell
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which glands in the stomach are very deep, branched, and coiled
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pyloric glands
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what type of tissue is in the lamina propria
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highly cellular loose CT
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what type of tissue is in the muscularis mucosae
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thin sheat of smooth muscle
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in what layer of the stomach would you find dense irregular CT, plexus of blood/lymphatics, and meisiner's nerve plexus
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submucosa
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the muscularis externa consists of three layers which are...
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inner oblique, middle circular and outer longitudinal
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what would be commonly found in the muscularis externa between the middle circular and outer longitudinal layers of smooth muscle
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nerve plexus (Auerbach)
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what layer of the mucosa in the alimentary canal contains blood derived leukocytes and is importantin immunological defense
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lamina propria
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which layer of the mucosa contains the glands in the intestine, stomach, and parts of the esophagus
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lamina propria
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in what parts of the alimentary canal is the muscularis mucosae absent
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oral cavity and distal anal canal
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in what regions of the alimentary canal would you find submucosal glands
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oral cavity, esophagus, duodenum and distal anal canal
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in the oral cavity the muscularis externa is replaced by...
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extrinsic muscles and bone
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parts of the alimentary canal within the visceral peritoneum are covered in ___ but if the alimentary canal is retroperitoneal the lyer is known as...
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serosa/adventitia
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what type of epithelium would you find in the serosa
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simple squamous epithelium
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what part of the CNS is involved in GI junction, contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons and secretomotor neurons
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enteric nervous system
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the enteric nervous system receives innervation from ___ parasympathetic and ___ sympathetic neurons
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preganglionic/postganglionic
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blood and lymph supply in the lamina propria comes from and drains to...
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submucosal plexus
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the foldings of mucosa and submucosa to increase surface area are called
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plicae circularis
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projections of mucosa to increase surface area are called
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villi
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when the stomach is empty the mucosa and submucosa are thrown into folds known as...
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rugae
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the epithelium lining the entire surface of the stomach is...
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simple columnar epithelium
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the surface epithelium in the stomach is invaginated to form...
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gastric pits
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the gastric pits in the stomach are lined by what type of cells
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surface mucous cells
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what is the general structure of fundic glands
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straight, slightly coiled at base, and tightly packed
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what part of the fundic gland is parietal cells found in
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all of it, but most numerous at neck
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which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid
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carbonic anhydrase
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in the parietal cell, how does cloride cross the basolateral plasma membrane
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trade for bicarbonate
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how does chloride enter the lumen
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travels with potassium
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the apical surface of the parietal cell is invaginated to form a channel known as...
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intracellular canaliculus
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when parietal cells are inactive they have an extensive collection of elongated vesicles known as...
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tubulovesicular system
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where are gastric chief cells located
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base of the fundic gland
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enteroendocrine cells secrete hormone into...
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lamina propria
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in what part of a gland would you find progenitor cells
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isthmus
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pyloric glands in the stomach are described as being...
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very deep
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how many cells thick is the muscularis mucosae usually
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1-4 cells thick
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are there any glands in gastric submucosa
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no
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in the stomach how many layers of smooth muscle are in the muscularis externa
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three
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