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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Quality Management
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Establish quality objectives - Quality of product & project
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Project Quality
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Responsibility of PM
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Individual Deliverable Quality
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Responsibility of Team Member
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Quality
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Degree to which characteristics fulfill requirements
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Grade
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Rank or category (low quality is a problem, low grade is not)
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Prevention over Inspection
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Prevention - errors out of the process
Inspection - errors out of the hands of customer |
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Customer Satisfaction
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1. Conformance to requirements
2. Fitness for use |
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Precision vs. Accuracy
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Precision - Exactness
Accuracy - Correctness |
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TQM
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Organization wide
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FMEA
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Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
- Step-by-step approach to identify failures |
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VOC
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Voice of Customer
- Stated and implied needs |
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Design Reviews
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Formal review of design requirements
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Six Sigma
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- Near perfection in quality
- DMAIC process - 3.5 defects per million opportunities |
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Continuous Improvement
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- Deming : PDCA
- Malcolm Baldridge: Performance Excellence award in USA - OPM3 : PMI's global organizational maturity standard - CMMI : Systems engineering assessment and improvement approach |
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Crosby
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Do it right the first time
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Juran
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fitness for use
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Kaizen
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sustained gradual improvements... continuous improvements
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Taguchi
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Loss function, parameter design optimization
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Plan Quality
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Identify quality requirements and standards
- quality mgmt plan - process improvement plan - quality metrics - quality checklists) |
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Primary Benefit of Quality
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- Less rework
- Higher productivity - Lower costs - Customer Satisfaction |
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Design of Experiments
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Statistical method to identify factors that might influence variables
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Force Field Analysis
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Forces for and against an idea
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Cost of Quality
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- Cost of conformance (prevention costs, appraisal costs)
- Cost of non-conformance (internal failure, external failure) |
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Process Improvement Plan
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- Analyze processes
- Enhance value of the process |
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Perform Quality Assurance
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- Audit quality requirements
- Ensure appropriate quality standards - Build confidence - Umbrella process to support continuous process improvement (all through project life cycle) |
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Affinity Diagram
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organize large amounts of data
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Tree Diagram
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systematic or hierarchical diagrams (ex: WBS)
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PDCP (Process Decision Program Charts)
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- Used to understand a goal
- Used for contingency planning |
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ID (Interrelationship Digraph)
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- Relationship diagram
Used for creative problem solving for complex situations |
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Prioritization Metrices
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Criteria prioritized... weighted for mathematical score
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Matrix Diagram
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Data analysis with rows and columns
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QA - P.E.A.C.E.
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PEACE = Processes. Ensure. Audit. Client. Executing.
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QA - E.D.I.C.T.
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EDICT = Eliminate causes. Deliverables. Inspect. Controlling. Team.
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Perform Quality Control
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- Monitor deliverables
- Identify cause of poor quality - Take actions |
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Tolerance
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- applies to product
- control limits (applies to process) |
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Attribute sampling
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- Yes/No (conformance/non)
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JIT
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- Just in time
- Keep minimum inventory |
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Determine Root Cause
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- Cause and effect
- Ishikawa - Fishbone Diagram |
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Pareto
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Rank ordering of causes by frequency of issues
- 80/20 rule - Histogram |
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Histogram
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- vertical bar chart
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SIPOC Model
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Type of flow chart
- Suppliers - Input - Process - Output - Customer |
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Checksheets/Tallysheets
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Organize problem related facts with count and score
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Scatter diagram
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correlation between 2 variables
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Control charts
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process graph over time
control limits (+/- 3 sigma) spec limits rule of 7 |
