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12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

When the nucleus is large enough the strong force will not be able to hold the nucleus together resulting in the nucleus decaying and giving off matter and energy. This process of nuclear decay is called ______________________.

Radioactivity

_____________ particles are radioactive particles made up of two protons and two neutrons and can be stopped by something as dense as a sheet of paper.

Alpha

_______________ particles are electrons emitted from the nucleus because of radioactive decay. This type of radiation can be stopped by something as dense as aluminum foil.

Beta

The process of changing one element to another through nuclear decay.

Transmutation

The type of radiation in the form of an electromagnetic wave. Can be stopped by something as dense as lead or concrete.

Gamma Rays

The amount of time it takes for half of the nuclei of a radioactive isotope to decay.

Half-Life

A device that measures radioactivity

Geiger Counter

Low level radiation that is emitted by radioactive isotopes found in earth's rocks, soils, and atmosphere.

Background radiation

The process of splitting a nucleus into two nuclei with smaller masses.

Nuclear fission

An ongoing series of fission reactions.

Chain reaction

The amount of fissionable material required so that each fission reaction produces approximately one more fission reaction.

Critical Mass

The process of two nuclei with low masses combining to form one nucleus of a larger mass.

Nuclear Fusion