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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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mediated negative feedback in the hypothalamus and AP; Tx for anovulation
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clomiphene; acts by inhibiting the action of estrogen on the gonadotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland. "Sensing" low estrogen levels, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release is increased, leading to a higher rate of ovulation and hence pregnancy.
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None
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Risk of gastric carcinoma with Type A gastritis?
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increased
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decrease acid secretion leads to _____ secretion of gastrin
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increased
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acid feedback in gastrin?
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low pH-> paracrine secretion somatostatin-> inhibit gastrin secretion
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risk factor associated with APKD
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berry aneurisms-> subarachnoid hemorrhage
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cysts in APKD
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hepatic, pancreas, spleen, lung; not clinically relevant
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children with AR PKD may develop congenital
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hepatic fibrosis with HTN and splenomegaly
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epicanthal folds?
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downs
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Chromonomal abnormality with microcephaly
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Trisomy 13 or Patau syndrome
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Rocker bottom feet
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trisomy 18, Edwards
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Webbed neck
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Turner syndrome, XO
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Fusobacterium in lung, source
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anaerobic, oral cavity
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form of ductal carcinoma involving skin by direct extension
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Paget disease of the breast; ductal carcinoma in situ
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tumor of the terminal ductules of the breast; it presents as a poorly circumscribed, rubbery breast mass
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invasive lobular tumor
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CD4 count with HIV attributable infection, but not an AIDS-defining condition
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200-400
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full-blown AIDS CD4 count
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0-200
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full blown AIDS infections
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HIV encephalopathy, PCP, Kaposi, Crypto, MAI
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young male with left decrease breath sounds and hyperresonant percusion
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pneumothorax
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pneumothorax chest x-ray
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radiolucency (dark area)
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decreased breath sounds, hyporesonance
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pleural effusion
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Yersinia enterocolitica
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pediatric diarrhea mini-epidemics
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diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, pseudoappendicitis (mesenteric lymphadenitis)
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Yersinia enterocolitica
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nerve damage in humerus injury-> wrist drop
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Radial nerve
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innervates flexion of wrist and digits
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ulnar n
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causes of neonatal viral encephalitis
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HSVI, II, CMV
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shoulder radial nerve injury?
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loss of extension at elbow, wrist and digits, weakened shoulder extension, weakened supination; sensory loss on the posterior arm, forearm and hand
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musculocutaneus injury
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loss of elbow flexion and weakness in supination and loss of sensation on the lat aspect of forearm
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positive dipstick for blood+, no hematuria?
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myoglobinuria
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places of skeletal syphilis?
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nose, palate, skull, tibia
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None
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thyroid nodule, polygonal cells and amyloid
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medullary carcinoma
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secretin
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secreted in response to H+ and amino acids entering the duodenum-> release HCO3- and inhibitn gastric H+ production
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antibiotic leading to maculopapular rash
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ampicillin
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EBV test
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heterophile antibody test
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pheo malignancy?
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10%
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accompanying wernicke's aphasia?
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right upper visual field cut (often contain fibers from the LGN-> occipital)
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accompanying broca's aphasia
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right face hemiparesis
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germ tube test
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diagnosis of candida
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None
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CAMP test
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Strep agalactiae
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Elek test
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C. diphtheriae
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Weil-Felix test
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heterophile for rickettsial disease
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Hippel-Landau disease
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deletion of VHL gene-> hemangioblastomas of retina, cerebellum, medulla; multiple bilateral renal cell tumors
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Tx for Wilson's disease
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penicillamine, copper chelating agent
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greenish-brown rings around outer edge of the cornea
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Kayser-Fleischer rings, wilsons disease
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Deferoxamine
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chelate iron
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Neurosyphilis
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paresis: Personality, Afect, hyperactive Reflexes, Eyes (AR pupils), Sensorium deficits, Intellectual decline, Speech deficient
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FTA-ABS
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anti treponemal, syphilis
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Gate theory of pain
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inhibitory interneurons in lamina II of cord inhibit pain (after stimulation)
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Allodynia
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perception of pain after innocuous stimulation of a mechanoreceptor
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acetoacetate:b-hydroxybutyrate in DM
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decreased, acetoacetate evaporates
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inc BUN with nor Cre?
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pre-renal azotemia
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Pre-renal azotemia Dx?
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decrease kidney perfusion, increase urea synthesis
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labs in distal urinary obstruction
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BUN inc>>>Cre
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labs in renal glomerulal disease
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BUN inc = Cre inc
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labs in renal tubulointerstitial disease
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Cre in >> BUN
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whooping cough
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Bordetella pertussis
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Bordet-Gengou media
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for Bordatella pertussis
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Bordatella Pertussis path
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secretes adenylate cyclase + exotoxin inhibiting Gin -> inc cAMP -> respiratory apparatus hyperactivity
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ovarian tumor composed of epithelial nests that look like bladder epithelium, ovarian stroma
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Brenner tumors
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continuous irregular ring of ligament around IVC insertion from liver
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anterior and posterior coronary ligaments
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fissure to the left of coronary ligaments in the posteroinferior surface of the liver
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ligamentum venosum
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area where the anterior and posterior reflections of the coronary ligament merge on the inferior part of the posteroinferior surface of the liver
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right triangular ligament
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outpouching on the left side of the falciform ligament
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left triangular ligament
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autoimmune attack on hair follicles-> severe total hair loss
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alopecia areata
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touge thin erythematous border surrounding a shallow ulcerated lesion
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aphthous ulcer
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common opportunistic infection in burn patients
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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antibiotic resistant orgs by PBP mutation
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S. pneumonia, Hflu, Staph aureus, Gonocoocous
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resistance mech in pseudomonas
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porin mutation
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resistance via topoisomerase mutation
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E coli and pseudomonas; ciprofloxacin
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