Pysch Terms

Front 1

extremely low levels of white blood cells. Symptoms include sore throat, fever, and malaise.

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Agranulocytosi

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cessation of the menses

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Amenorrhea

Front 3

muscular weakness; or a loss or partial loss of muscle movement; a type of extrapyramidal side effect associated with some antipsychotic medications.

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Akinesia

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restlessness; an urgent need for movement. A type of extrapyramidal side effect associated with some antipsychotic medications.

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Akathisia

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ceaseless rapid complex body movements that look well coordinated and purposeful but are, in fact, involuntary

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Chorea

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involuntary muscular movements (spasms) of the face, arms, legs, and neck; may occur as an extrapyramidal side effect of some antipsychotic medications.

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Dystonia

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a variety of responses that originate outside the pyramidal tracts and in the basal ganglion of the brain. Symptoms may include tremors, chorea, dystonia, akinesia, akathisia, and others.

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Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS)

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enlargement of the breasts in men

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Gynecomastia

Front 9

a potentially life-threatening syndrome that results when an individual taking MAO inhibitors eats a product high in tyramine. Symptoms include severe occipital headache, palpitations, nausea and vomiting, nuchal rigidity, fever, sweating, marked increase in blood pressure, chest pain, and coma. Food with tyramine include aged cheeses or other aged, overripe, and fermented foods; broad beans; pickled herring; beef or chicken liver; preserved meats; beer and wine; yeast products; chocolate; caffeinated drinks; canned figs; sour cream; yogurt; soy sauce; and some over-the-counter cold medications and diet pills.

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Hypertensive Crisis

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the therapeutic level of lithium is 1.0 to 1.5 mEq/L for acute mania and 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L for maintenance therapy. There is a narrow margin between the therapeutic and toxic levels. Because lithium toxicity is a life-threatening condition, monitoring of lithium levels is critical. The initial signs of lithium toxicity include ataxia, blurred vision, severe diarrhea, persistent nausea & vomiting, and tinnitus. Symptoms intensify as toxicity increases and include excessive output of dilute urine, psychomotor retardation, mental confusion, tremors and muscular irritability, seizures, impaired consciousness, Oliguria or anuria, arrhythmias, coma, and eventually death.

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Lithium toxicity

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a rare but potentially fatal complication of treatment with neuroleptic drugs. Symptoms include severe muscle rigidity, high fever, tachycardia, fluctuations in blood pressure, diaphoresis, and rapid deterioration of mental status to stupor and coma.

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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)

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an attack of involuntary deviation and fixation of the eyeballs, usually in the upward position. It may last for several minutes or hours and may occur as an extrapyramidal side effect of some antipsychotic medications.

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Oculogyric Crisis

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a temporary lowering of the blood pressure due usually to suddenly standing up.

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Orthostatic Hypotension

Front 14

prolonged painful penile erection, may occur as an adverse effect of some antidepressant medications, particularly trazodone

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Priapism

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syndrome of symptoms characterized by bizarre facial & tongue movements; a stiff neck, and difficulty swallowing. It may occur as an adverse side effect of long-term therapy with some antipsychotic medications.

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Tardive Dyskinesia

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the progressive decrease in the effectiveness of a drug.

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Tolerance