Pysch Chapter 6

Front 1

Motivation

Back 1

Physiological and psychological factors that account for the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior

Front 2

Drive

Back 2

Internal motivational state created bu a physiological need

Front 3

Drive-reduction theory

Back 3

Theory that views motivated behavior as directed toward the reduction of a physiological need

Front 4

Optimum-level theory

Back 4

Theory that the body functions best at a specific level of arousal, which varies from one individual to another

Front 5

Cognitive dissonance

Back 5

aversive state produced when an individual holds two incompatible thoughts or cognitons

Front 6

Hierarchy of Needs

Back 6

Maslow's view that basic needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be satisfied

Front 7

Basic Physiological Needs

Back 7

Food, water, and sleep

Front 8

Safety needs

Back 8

Order, physical security, freedom from fear

Front 9

Belongingness and love needs

Back 9

Affiliation with friends, a supportive family, group identification, and an intimate relationship

Front 10

Esteem needs

Back 10

Attention and recognition from others, and feelings of accomplishment, competence, and mastery

Front 11

Self-actualization needs

Back 11

Development of one's potential to the fullest extent

Front 12

Self-actualization

Back 12

Need to develop one's full potential; the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy

Front 13

Obesity

Back 13

body weight of 20% or more in excess of desirable body weight

Front 14

Body Mass Index

Back 14

A numerical index calculated from a person's height and weight that is used to indicate health status and disease risk

Front 15

Anorexia nervosa

Back 15

A potentially life-threatening eating disorder occurring in primarily young and adolescent females; an intense fear of becoming fat that leads to self starvation and weight loss

Front 16

Bulimia nervosa

Back 16

Eating disorder in which a victim alternatively consumes large amounts of food and then empties the stomach

Front 17

Pheromones

Back 17

Chemical odors emitted by some animals that appear to influence the behavior of members of the same species

Front 18

Achievement

Back 18

Manipulation of the environment according to established rules to attain a desired goal

Front 19

Emotion

Back 19

Physiological changes and conscious feelings of pleasantness or unpleasantness aroused by external and internal stimuli, that lead to behavioral reactions

Front 20

James-Lange Theory

Back 20

Theory that physiological changes precede and cause emotions

Front 21

Commonsense view of emotions

Back 21

View that emotions precede and cause bodily change

Front 22

Cannon-Bard Theory

Back 22

Theory that the thalamus relays information simultaneously to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system and physiological changes to occur at the same time

Front 23

Polygraph

Back 23

an electronic device that snese and records changes in several physiological indices including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and galvanic skin response

Front 24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Back 24

Hypothesis that making a certain facial expression will produce the corresponding emotion

Front 25

Display rules

Back 25

Culturally specific rules for which emotions to display, to whom, and when

Front 26

Nonverbal communication

Back 26

Communication that involves movements, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, use of personal space, and touching

Front 27

Paralanguage

Back 27

Communication that involves aspects of speech such as rate of talking and tone of voice, but not the words used

Front 28

Memory

Back 28

System or process by which the products or results of learning are stored for future use