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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
adaptive behavior |
adjustment to and coping with everyday life |
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algorithm |
step by step procedure or formula for solving problem |
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broad intelligence |
one of Carroll's three levels such as crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence,memory, learning, and processing speed |
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construct validity |
degree to which a test measures the concept it calms to measure such as intelligence |
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converggent thinking problems |
problems have known solutions and require analytic thinking and the use of learned strategies and knowledge to come up with the correct answer |
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creativity |
thinking or behavior that both novel-original and useful and adaptive |
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cultural test bias |
notion that group differences in IQ scores are caused by different cultural and educational background not by real differences |
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divergent thinking problems |
problems that have no known solutions and require novel solutions |
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down syndrome |
chromosomal disorder characterized as mild or intellectual disability |
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eureka insight( insight solution |
sudden solution that comes to mind in a flash |
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fixation |
inability to break out of a particular mind set in order to think about a problem from a fresh perspective |
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flexibility of thought |
the ability to come up with many different categories of ideas and think of other response besides obvious one |
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functional fixedness |
mind-set in which one is blind to unusual uses of common, everyday things or problems |
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general intelligence |
one of Carroll's three levels of intelligence; very similar to Spearman's concept of g |
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genius |
high intelligence combined with creative accomplishments that have a tremendous impact on a given field |
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g-factor theory |
spearman's theory that intelligence is single general factor that made up of specific components |
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ideational fluency |
ability to produce many ideas |
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intellectual disability |
significant limitation in intellectual function as well as everyday adaptive behavior; begins before 18 |
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intelligence |
set of cognitive skills incude abstract thinking, reasoning, problem solving and the ability to acquire knowledge |
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internal reliability |
characteristic of an intelligence test in which questions on a given subtest tend to correlate very highly with other items on the subtest |
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mental age |
chronological age a child has reach based on his or her performance on IQ test |
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mental set |
tend to continue to use problem solving strategies |
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multiple-factor theory of intelligence |
idea that intelligence consists of distinct dimensions and is not just a single factor |
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narrow intelligence |
one of Carroll's three levels of intelligence includes many distinct abilities |
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originality |
ability to come up with unusual and novel ideas |
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predictive validity |
degree to which intelligence test scores are positively related to real world outcomes such as school achievement |
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prodigy |
young person who is extremely gifted in one area and at least average intelligence |
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reaction range |
given trait such as IQ, genetically determine the range of responses by individual to his or her environment |
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reliability |
consistency of environment |
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savant syndrome |
very rare condition in which people with serious mental handicaps also show isolated areas of ability or brillance |
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successful intelligence |
Sternberg, an integrated set of abilities needed to attain success in life |
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test bias |
characteristics of test that produces different outcomes fro different groups |
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test fairness |
judgement about how test results are applied to different groups based on values and philosophical inclinations |
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test-retest reliability |
consistency of scores on test over time |
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thinking outside the box |
approach to problem solving that requires breaking free of self imposed and thinking about a problem differently in order to solve it |
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triarchic theory intelligence |
sternberg three part of model of intelligence including creative, analytic and practical intelligence |
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validity |
degree to which test accurately measures |
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agoraphobia |
fear of being in places from which escape by be difficult |
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antisocial personality disorder |
emotional personality disorder characterized by extremely impulsive,deceptive,violent and ruthless behavior |
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attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) |
childhood disorder characterized by inability to focus attention |
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autism spectrum disorder(ASD) |
childhood disorder severe language and social impairment repetitive habits inward focus behaviors |
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avoidant personality disorder |
anxious fearful personality extremely fear of being criticized, low self esteem,and avoidance of social interaction |
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bipolar disorder |
mood disorder that affect mood fluctuations. cycling pattern of depressive and maniac moods |
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borderline personality disorder |
emotionally personality disorder is being out of control emotions, fear of being abandon, |
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cognitive symptoms of a schizophrenia |
problems with working memory attention, verbal and visual learning and memory, reasoning and problem solving , processing and speech |
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comorbidity |
occurrence of two or more psychological disorders at the same time |
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compulsion |
repetitive behavior perform in response to uncontrollable urges |
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cyclothymia |
mild form of bipolar disorder |
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delusion |
false beliefs or exaggerations despite evidence; symptom of schizophrenia |
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dependent personality disorder |
fear of being rejected and strong need to be care for |
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depressive disorder |
all form of depression including major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder |
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diathesis-stress model |
explain origin of psychological disorder combine with biological predispositions plus stress or abusive environment |
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dissociative disorder |
extreme splits or gap in memory,identity or consciousness |
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dissociative identity disorder |
at least two distinct personalities each with its own memory,thoughts,behavior, and emotion |
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generalized anxiety disorder |
state of pervasive and excessive anxiety last for 6 months |
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hallucinations |
convincing sensory experience that occur in the absence of external stimulus |
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histrionic personality disorder |
desire to be the center of attention and by dramatic,seductive, flamboyant,exaggerated |
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major depressive |
low mood, lack of motivation,low energy,feelings of worthiness and gulit for two consecutive weeks |