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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

adaptive behavior

adjustment to and coping with everyday life

algorithm

step by step procedure or formula for solving problem

broad intelligence

one of Carroll's three levels such as crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence,memory, learning, and processing speed

construct validity

degree to which a test measures the concept it calms to measure such as intelligence

converggent thinking problems

problems have known solutions and require analytic thinking and the use of learned strategies and knowledge to come up with the correct answer

creativity

thinking or behavior that both novel-original and useful and adaptive

cultural test bias

notion that group differences in IQ scores are caused by different cultural and educational background not by real differences

divergent thinking problems

problems that have no known solutions and require novel solutions

down syndrome

chromosomal disorder characterized as mild or intellectual disability

eureka insight( insight solution

sudden solution that comes to mind in a flash

fixation

inability to break out of a particular mind set in order to think about a problem from a fresh perspective

flexibility of thought

the ability to come up with many different categories of ideas and think of other response besides obvious one

functional fixedness

mind-set in which one is blind to unusual uses of common, everyday things or problems

general intelligence

one of Carroll's three levels of intelligence; very similar to Spearman's concept of g

genius

high intelligence combined with creative accomplishments that have a tremendous impact on a given field

g-factor theory

spearman's theory that intelligence is single general factor that made up of specific components

ideational fluency

ability to produce many ideas

intellectual disability

significant limitation in intellectual function as well as everyday adaptive behavior; begins before 18

intelligence

set of cognitive skills incude abstract thinking, reasoning, problem solving and the ability to acquire knowledge

internal reliability

characteristic of an intelligence test in which questions on a given subtest tend to correlate very highly with other items on the subtest

mental age

chronological age a child has reach based on his or her performance on IQ test

mental set

tend to continue to use problem solving strategies

multiple-factor theory of intelligence

idea that intelligence consists of distinct dimensions and is not just a single factor

narrow intelligence

one of Carroll's three levels of intelligence includes many distinct abilities

originality

ability to come up with unusual and novel ideas

predictive validity

degree to which intelligence test scores are positively related to real world outcomes such as school achievement

prodigy

young person who is extremely gifted in one area and at least average intelligence

reaction range

given trait such as IQ, genetically determine the range of responses by individual to his or her environment

reliability

consistency of environment

savant syndrome

very rare condition in which people with serious mental handicaps also show isolated areas of ability or brillance

successful intelligence

Sternberg, an integrated set of abilities needed to attain success in life

test bias

characteristics of test that produces different outcomes fro different groups

test fairness

judgement about how test results are applied to different groups based on values and philosophical inclinations

test-retest reliability

consistency of scores on test over time

thinking outside the box

approach to problem solving that requires breaking free of self imposed and thinking about a problem differently in order to solve it

triarchic theory intelligence

sternberg three part of model of intelligence including creative, analytic and practical intelligence

validity

degree to which test accurately measures

agoraphobia

fear of being in places from which escape by be difficult

antisocial personality disorder

emotional personality disorder characterized by extremely impulsive,deceptive,violent and ruthless behavior

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)

childhood disorder characterized by inability to focus attention

autism spectrum disorder(ASD)

childhood disorder severe language and social impairment repetitive habits inward focus behaviors

avoidant personality disorder

anxious fearful personality extremely fear of being criticized, low self esteem,and avoidance of social interaction

bipolar disorder

mood disorder that affect mood fluctuations. cycling pattern of depressive and maniac moods

borderline personality disorder

emotionally personality disorder is being out of control emotions, fear of being abandon,

cognitive symptoms of a schizophrenia

problems with working memory attention, verbal and visual learning and memory, reasoning and problem solving , processing and speech

comorbidity

occurrence of two or more psychological disorders at the same time

compulsion

repetitive behavior perform in response to uncontrollable urges

cyclothymia

mild form of bipolar disorder

delusion

false beliefs or exaggerations despite evidence; symptom of schizophrenia

dependent personality disorder

fear of being rejected and strong need to be care for

depressive disorder

all form of depression including major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder

diathesis-stress model

explain origin of psychological disorder combine with biological predispositions plus stress or abusive environment

dissociative disorder

extreme splits or gap in memory,identity or consciousness

dissociative identity disorder

at least two distinct personalities each with its own memory,thoughts,behavior, and emotion

generalized anxiety disorder

state of pervasive and excessive anxiety last for 6 months

hallucinations

convincing sensory experience that occur in the absence of external stimulus

histrionic personality disorder

desire to be the center of attention and by dramatic,seductive, flamboyant,exaggerated

major depressive

low mood, lack of motivation,low energy,feelings of worthiness and gulit for two consecutive weeks