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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Behavior
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the manner in which one behaves
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Overt Behavior
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Readily seen, observed, assessed and measured
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Covert Behavior
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Behavior such as thinking, thought processes, remembering, deciding, etc. that can not be seen physically
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Emperical Evidence
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Information gained from direct observation and measurement
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Wilhelm Wundt
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Founder of Psychology as a science
-Father of experimental psychology |
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1st psychology lab
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Set up by Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig Germany in 1879
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Structuralism
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Deals with structure of mental life
-Hoped to analyze private experiences into "basic" elements or "building blocks" |
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Edward Tichener (1867-1927)
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An englishman and a British scholar. Student of Wundt that carried his ideas to America and started the first psych. lab in America at Cornell University
-Coined Functional/Structural psychology |
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Functionalism
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Interested in how the mind functions and enables us to adapt to our environment
-Said as a ever-changing stream or flowing images and sensations; not lifeless building blocks like structuralism |
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Educational Psychology
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Study of learning, teaching, classroom dynamics, and related topics
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Industrial Psychology
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Study of people at work, and related topics.
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William James (1842-1910)
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Broadened psychology to include animal behavior, religious experience, abnormal behavior, and other interesting topics.
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Behaviorism
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Study of overt, observable behavior via the observation of relationship between stimuli and response.
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John B. Watson (1878-1958)
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Objected to study of mind by introspection.
A conditioned response is a learned reaction to a particular stimuli Father of Behaviorism |
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Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)
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Founded theories of conditioning
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B.F. Skinner
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Developed Operant conditioning
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Cognitive Behaviorism
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A view that combines thinking and conditioning to behavior
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Gesalt Psychology
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"The whole sum is greater than it's parts"
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Psychoanalytic Psychology
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Sigmund Frued - Father of Psychoanalysis
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Humanism
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Stimulates interest for needs of love, self-esteem, belonging, self-expression, creativity and spirituality.
Just as important as biological needs |
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Determinism
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Behavior is determined by forces beyond our control
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Emphasis of Humanism
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Free will
Self image Self evaluation Self actualization |
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Goals of Psychology
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To describe, understand, and predict, and control behavior
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Hindsight Bias
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To believe after learning the outcome that one could have easily forseen it
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Overconfidence
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Our everyday thinking is limited not only by our after-the-fact common sense but also our human tendancy to be over confident.
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Courtesy Bias
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Tendancy to give polite socially desirable bias
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My-side bias
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tendency to give more attention to evidence that supports your side of the arguement
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Naturalistic oberservation
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oberserving stimuli in natural invironment
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Observer effect
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People will act differently when they know they are being observed
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Observer bias
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They see what they expect to see and record most details that support what they expected to see
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