Purple Book Vocab

Front 1

The ability of the eye to adjust its cofus for seeing at different distance by changing the shape of the lens through action of the ciliary muscle

Back 1

accomodation

Front 2

Loss or impairment of vision after birth

Back 2

Adventitious Visual Impairment

Front 3

Reduced vision without observable changes in the structure of the eye, caused by eyes that are not straight or by a difference in the refractive erros in the two eyes, sometimes formerly called "lazy eye" not correcatble with lenses becuase the brain's suppression is the cause

Back 3

amblyopia

Front 4

A graphlike card used to determin central field losses, as in macular degeneration

Back 4

amsler grid

Front 5

different refractive errors or at least 1 diopter in the two eyes

Back 5

anisometropia

Front 6

The clear fluid in the space between the front of the viterous and the back of the cornea, produced by the ciliary processes, that bathes the lens and nourishes the irirs and inner surface of the corna.

Back 6

Aqueous Humor

Front 7

a refractive error that is cuased by an irregular curvature of the cornea and tat prevents light rays from coming to a point or focus on the retina

Back 7

astigmatism

Front 8

A clouding of the lens of the eye: may be congnetial, traumatic, age related. WHen is it reomved, an implant is needed to replace the functioning of the lens

Back 8

cataract

Front 9

the vascular layer of the eye, between the sclera and the retina, that nourishes the retina; part of the uveal tract

Back 9

choroid

Front 10

tissue inside the eye, compoased of the clilary processes and cilary muscle

Back 10

ciliary body

Front 11

secretes aqueous humor

Back 11

cilary processes

Front 12

conrtols the shape of the lense

Back 12

ciliary muscle

Front 13

a congential cleft in some portion of the eye cuased by the improper fusion of tissue during gestation: may affect the optic never, ciliary body, choroid, iris, lens or eyelid

Back 13

coloboma

Front 14

a lense that spreds out light rays and is used to correct myopia. Minus lens

Back 14

concave lens

Front 15

the hereditary degeneration of cones, resulting in decreased vision and the lack of color perception

Back 15

cone-rod dystrophy

Front 16

speciliazed photoreceptor cells int he retina, primarily concentrated in the macular area that are responible for sharp vision and color perception

Back 16

cones

Front 17

loss or impaimnet of vision that is present at birth

Back 17

congential visual impaiment

Front 18

the mucous membrane that lines teh eyelids and part of the outer surface of the eyeball

Back 18

conjunctiva

Front 19

the movment, as an object approaches of both eyes toward eachother in an effort to maintain fusion of separate images

Back 19

convergence

Front 20

a lens that bend light rays inwards and is used to correct hyperopia. Plus lense

Back 20

convex lens

Front 21

visiona loss that is the result of damage to any part of the visual pathways in the brail

Back 21

cortial visual impaimment

Front 22

a noninflammatory disaese of the retianl blood vessesl cuased by disabetes; a leading cause of blindness in the US

Back 22

diabetic retinopahty

Front 23

a vision disorder in which two images of a single object are seen because of unequal action of the muslces in the eyes - double vision

Back 23

diplopia

Front 24

Federal legistaltion enacted in 1975 gave free and approprate public education, lre, now known as IDEA

Back 24

pl 94-142

Front 25

another name for pl 94-142

Back 25

IDEA

Front 26

a surgial procedure consisting of removal of the entier eyeball

Back 26

ennucleation

Front 27

a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes deviate inward

Back 27

esotropia

Front 28

a form of strabisumus in which one or both eyes deviate outward

Back 28

exotropia

Front 29

a depression in the center of the macula that contains ony cones and lacks blood vessesl

Back 29

fovea

Front 30

a disease in which increased intraocular pressure results in the degernation fo the optic disk and evnetaul defects in the visual field.

Back 30

glaucoma

Front 31

a refractive error in which light rays converge behind the retina resulting in vision that is better for distant that for near objects

Back 31

hyperopia - farsightedness

Front 32

what type of lense is used to correct hyperopia?

Back 32

convex or plus lens

Front 33

what does IEP stand for?

Back 33

invidualized eudcation program

Front 34

what does IFSP stand for?

Back 34

indiviudalized famiyl service plan

Front 35

the colored, circular membrane of the eye that is suspended between the cornea and the lens and that expands or contracts to control the amount of light entering the eye

Back 35

iris

Front 36

what is the acuity for legal blindness?

Back 36

20/200 in the bettter eye after best correction

Front 37

the transparnet biconvex structure within the eye that allos it to refract light rays enabling the rays to focus on teh retina

Back 37

lens

Front 38

a small protion of the rina, with a concentartion of cones for sharp central vision that surround the fovea

Back 38

macula

Front 39

deteriotion of central vision caused by a degneration f the central retina

Back 39

macular degenration

Front 40

an inherited congential disorder of the connective tissue, characterized by abnormal elongation of the extremities, partial disolation of the lens, heart abnormatilies

Back 40

marfan syndrom

Front 41

an abnormally small eyeball

Back 41

microplhtalmia

Front 42

vision in one eye, typicall caused by injury or enucleation

Back 42

monocular vision

Front 43

a refractive error resulting from an eyeball that is too long, image focuses before the retina

Back 43

myopia - nearsightedness

Front 44

what type of lens is myopia corrective with?

Back 44

concave or minus lens

Front 45

an invluntary rapid movment of the eys, usally rhytmical and faster in one direction

Back 45

nystagums

Front 46

ocular almbinis

Back 46

a hereditary condition that results in pigmentation loss in the retinal pigmetn epithelium, iris and choroid

Front 47

oculocutansious albinism

Back 47

the congential lack of pigment in the iris, choroid, hair and skin that results in reduced acuity, ligth sensitivty and nystagmus

Front 48

an ocular condition characterize dby degneration fo the opitc nerve and reulting the loss of visoin and construciton of the visual fields

Back 48

optic atrophy

Front 49

the point at which teh nerve fibers from the inner layer of the retina becomes the opitc nerve and exith the eye, the "blind spot" of the eye

Back 49

optic disk

Front 50

the sensory never of the eye that carries electrial impuses from the eye to the brain

Back 50

optic nerve

Front 51

a congentially small optic disk, usualyl surrounded by a light halo and representing a regressio nin grwoth during the prenatal persod - may result in reduced viusal acuity

Back 51

optic nerve hypoplasia

Front 52

two pyrmaidal cavaies in the front of the skull that contain the eyeballs, eye muslces and fatty cusinoing layers as well as nerves and blood vessels

Back 52

orbits

Front 53

a dectrease in accomodative power (focuasing at near) cuased by the increasing inelasticity of the lens-ciliary muscle mechanism that occurs approximately anytime after the age of 40

Back 53

presbyopia

Front 54

speical traingle shaped lenses that are incorporated into regualr eyeglasses, to redirect the rays of light entering the eye resulting in a realighment of the yes or, in some cases a shifting of image to permit binocular vision

Back 54

prism lens

Front 55

the bnding of light rays as they pass through a substance

Back 55

refraction

Front 56

the innermost layer of the eye which receives the image formed by the lens, containng light senstii vee nerve cells and fibers connecting with the brain through the opic nerve

Back 56

retina

Front 57

the separation fot eh retina from the underlying choroid, caused by a retiunal tear which allows fluid to accumulate between the retina and the retinal pigmetn epitheulia

Back 57

retinal detachment

Front 58

a hereditary degneratiion and atrophy of the retina of unkonw etioloty - night blindness and constricted peripheral fields

Back 58

retinits pigmentosa

Front 59

an intraocular malignant tu mor. sympotms inclued reness, pain, infmaition, or a gray or white pupil.

Back 59

retinoblastoma

Front 60

a series of retinal changes seen in premies, due to immature blood vessesl in the eye stiumlated in reaction to oxygen

Back 60

retinopahty of prematuirty ROP

Front 61

sepcialized retinal photoreceptor cells that are located primarlity in the peripheral retina, responsible for seeing form, shape and movemnt and funciton best in low lewvels of illumination

Back 61

rods

Front 62

the touch, white opaque outer covering of the eye that protects the inner contents from injury

Back 62

scleara

Front 63

a gap or blind spot in the visual fied

Back 63

scotoma

Front 64

an extrisnic musle imbalince that causes misalightmnet of the eyes; inclueds exo eso hyper and hyp tropia

Back 64

strabismus

Front 65

the transparnet gel that fills the viterous cavity, mostly water, maintaings shape of the eyeball

Back 65

viterous

Front 66

sepcialized retinal photoreceptor cells that are located primarlity in the peripheral retina, responsible for seeing form, shape and movemnt and funciton best in low lewvels of illumination

Back 66

rods

Front 67

the touch, white opaque outer covering of the eye that protects the inner contents from injury

Back 67

scleara

Front 68

a gap or blind spot in the visual fied

Back 68

scotoma

Front 69

an extrisnic musle imbalince that causes misalightmnet of the eyes; inclueds exo eso hyper and hyp tropia

Back 69

strabismus

Front 70

the transparnet gel that fills the viterous cavity, mostly water, maintaings shape of the eyeball

Back 70

viterous

Front 71

sepcialized retinal photoreceptor cells that are located primarlity in the peripheral retina, responsible for seeing form, shape and movemnt and funciton best in low lewvels of illumination

Back 71

rods

Front 72

the touch, white opaque outer covering of the eye that protects the inner contents from injury

Back 72

scleara

Front 73

a gap or blind spot in the visual fied

Back 73

scotoma

Front 74

an extrisnic musle imbalince that causes misalightmnet of the eyes; inclueds exo eso hyper and hyp tropia

Back 74

strabismus

Front 75

the transparnet gel that fills the viterous cavity, mostly water, maintaings shape of the eyeball

Back 75

viterous

Front 76

an instructinoal strategy used to teach sequential tasks by teaching each task one at a time in sequential order

Back 76

chaining

Front 77

A system developed specifically for indiviudals with visual impairments. It is a norm refered test battery that assesses intelligence academic achievement, motor skills, tactile skills, adaptive behavior, work behavior and emotionality.

Back 77

comprehensive vocatioanl evaluation system

Front 78

a determination of how clearly the items sampled ont he test represetn the content that the test purports to measure

Back 78

content validity

Front 79

formal or informal instruments that compare the studnet's performance to the overall mastery of the skill being evaluated. They are judges against a predetermined level of mastery that is often a %

Back 79

criterion referenced tests

Front 80

an evaluation of a student's progress by reviewing comparing skills with the content of th student's curriculum

Back 80

curriculum based assessment

Front 81

the use of reflected sound to detect the presenc of objects, such as walls, bueildings, doors and openings

Back 81

echolocation

Front 82

What plan is created for toddlers in speicaul education?

Back 82

IFSP

Front 83

an examination of the child's use of sensory information, need for general learning media, and specific literary media

Back 83

learning media assessment

Front 84

tests in which the studnet's results are compared to that of a larger group on which the test was standardized

Back 84

norm referenecd test

Front 85

at what age does a student get a transition IEP?

Back 85

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