Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is metabolism?
|
The sum of all the chemical process that go on in the body.
|
|
|
What is metabolic rate?
|
The amount of energy produced in a given time.
|
|
|
What are the products of protein oxidation?
|
Urea, carbon dioxide, and water.
|
|
|
Of the three types of energy, which provides the most heat?
|
Fats.
|
|
|
What are light calories?
|
Calories from fat because it takes less fat to get the same amount of calories.
|
|
|
What are heavy calories?
|
Calories from proteins and carbohydrates because it takes more to get the same amount of calories.
|
|
|
What is the best way to determine a persons metabolic rate?
|
Place them in a closed environment and measure the heat they put off in a single day.
|
|
|
What is respiratory quotient?
|
The amount of CO2 produced per amount of O2 consumed.
|
|
|
What is the respiratory quotient for carbohydrates?
|
1.0
|
|
|
What is the respiratory quotient for fats?
|
0.7
|
|
|
How much of our energy comes from carbohydrates, fats when at rest?
|
44% from glucose, 56% from fatty acids.
|
|
|
During heavy exercise what is the main source of energy?
|
Glucose
|
|
|
What is the basal metabolic rate?
|
The absolute minimum amount of energy needed to stay alive.
|
|
|
When is the oxygen debt restored?
|
When hemoglobin and myoglobin are restored, when high energy phosphate stores are restored, and when lactic acid is neutralized.
|
|
|
What factors stimulate metabolism?
|
Exercise, eating, low temperatures, fever, thyroid hormone, catecholamines.
|
|
|
What are the percentages of energy stores in the body?
|
1. Triglycerides 75%
2. Proteins 23% 3. Carbohydrates 1% |
|
|
Why is glucose an essential form of energy?
|
The brain can only use glucose for energy*
|
|
|
Why does protein not serve as a true source of energy in the body?
|
Very destructive. Only serves in cases of extreme starvation.
|
|
|
What occurs if glycogen stores are full?
|
Converts excess glucose to fat.
|
|
|
Can fatty acids be converted to glucose?
|
No, therefore they it can never again be utilized by the brain.
|
|
|
What part of a triglyceride can be converted into glucose?
|
Glycerol.
|
|
|
Can amino acids be used in gluconeogenesis?
|
Yes
|
|
|
Can acetyl CoA be used in gluconeogenesis?
|
No
|
|
|
Can pyruvate be used in gluconeogenesis?
|
Yes
|
|
|
What hormone promotes gluconeogenesis?
|
Cortisol
|
|
|
What process breaks fatty acids into two carbon chains?
|
Beta-oxidation
|
|
|
What are the essential fatty acids?
|
Linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic.
|
|
|
How is fat stored in the body?
|
Travels to capillaries associated with adipose tissue, lipase's break it down into a monoglyceride and two fatty acids, it enters the cell and is reformed into triglyceride.
|
|
|
How are fatty acids transported in the blood?
|
Complexed with serum albumin.
|
