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120 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pure (clean) air
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el aire puro
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mountain
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la montaña
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tree
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el árbol
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factory
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la fábrica
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farmer
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el agricultor / la agricultora
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farm
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la finca
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bull
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el toro
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cow
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la vaca
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lake
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el lago
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fish, fishes
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el pez, peces
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pollution (of air)
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la contaminación (del aire)
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skyscrapers
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el rascacielos
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horse
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el caballo
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domesticated animal, pet
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el animal doméstico
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wild animal
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el animal salvaje
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whale
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la ballena
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forest
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el bosque
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farm worker, peasant
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el/la campesino/a
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countryside, field
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el campo
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energy
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la energía
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electric energy
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la energía eléctrica
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nuclear energy
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la energía nuclear
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solar energy
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la energía solar
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shortage, lack
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la escasez (las escaseces)
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(endangered) species
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la especie (en peligro de extinción
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lack, absence
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la falta
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government
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el gobierno
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population
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la población
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natural resources
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lose recursos naturales
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elephant
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el elefante
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gorilla
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el gorila
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to run out of, use up completely
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acabar
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to save, conserve
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conservar
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to build
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construir (y)
construyo, construyes, construye, construímos, construyen |
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to pollute
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contaminar
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to develop
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desarrollar
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to destroy
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destruir (y)
destruyo, destruyes, destruye, destruímos, destruyen |
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to protect
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proteger (j)
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(fast) pace of life
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el ritmo (acelerado) de la vida
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public services
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los servicios públicos
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public transportation
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el transporte públicos
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violence
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la violencia
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beautiful
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bello/a
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dense
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denso/a
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mechanic
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el/la mecánico/a
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to change the oil
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rivisar el aceite
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windshield
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parabrisas
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tire
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la llanta
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tank
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el tanque
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corner
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la esquina
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traffic signal
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el semáforo
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traffic
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la circulación o el tránsito
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gas station
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la gasolinera o la estación de gasolina
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gasoline
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la gasolina
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(repair) shop
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el taller
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to check
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revisar
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oil
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el aceite
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freeway
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la autopista
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highway
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la carretera
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street
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la calle
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street, road
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el camino
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driver's license
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la licencia de manejar/conducir
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to start up (a car)
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arrancar (qu)
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to fix, repair
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arreglar
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to run into, collide (with)
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chocar (qu) (con)
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to turn
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doblar
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to park
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estacionar
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to use (a lot of gas)
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gastar (mucha gasolina)
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to fill (up)
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llenar
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to drive
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manejar, conducir (zc)
*conduzco |
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to obey
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obedecer (zc)
*obedezco |
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to stop
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parar
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to keep on going, to go (straight ahead)
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sequir (i,i) (g) (todo derecho)
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
abrir |
abierto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
cubrir (to cover) |
cubierto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
decir |
dicho
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
descubrir |
descubierto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
escribir |
escrito
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
hacer |
hecho
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
morir |
muerto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
poner |
puesto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
resolver |
resuelto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
romper |
roto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
ver |
visto
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
volver |
vuelto
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past participle used as an adjective:
-ar verbs |
end with -ado (except irregular)
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past participle used as an adjective:
-er and -ir verbs |
end with -ido (except irregular)
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
-er/-ir verbs with stems ending in -a, -e, or -o |
an accent mark is used
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
caer |
caído
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
creer |
creído
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
leer |
leído
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
oír |
oído
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
(son)reír |
(son)reído
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past participle used as an adjective, irregular forms:
traer |
traído
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past participle use:
adjective to modify a noun (agrees in number & gender w/modified noun) |
"They live in a house built in 1920."
"Viven en una casa construída en 1920." |
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past participle use:
with estar to describe conditions that are the result of a previous action |
"The lake is polluted."
"El lago está contaminado" |
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Present perfect indicative:
Past participle is used with present tense forms of haber |
"We have been here before."
- "Nos hemos estado aquí antes." "I've had a very good time." - "Me he divertido mucho. "They've already written her the letter." - "Ya le han escrito la carta." |
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Present perfect indicative:
Form of past participle never changes with haber, regardless of gender or number. Past participle always appears immediately after the haber form, never separated. Object pronouns and no are always placed directly before the form of haber |
"She's changed a flat tire several times."
- "Ella ha cambiado una llanta desinflada varias veces." "They still haven't checked the car's oil." - Todavía no le han revisado el aceite al coche." |
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Present perfect indicative:
present perfect form of hay (there has been/there have been) |
HAY HABIDO.
"There's been an accident." - "Ha habido un accidente." |
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Present perfect subjunctive,
uses |
used to express "I have done..." when the subjunctive is required.
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Present perfect subjunctive, examples
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"It's possible that he may have done (he did) it."
- "Es posible que lo haya hecho." "I'm glad that you have come (you came)." -"Me alegro de que hayas venido." "It's good that they built (have built) it." -"Es bueno que lo hayan construido." |
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Present perfect subjunctive, forms of haber:
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haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan
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Present perfect indicative, forms of haber
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he, has, ha, hemos, han
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Talking about what you had (or had not) done before a given time in the past:
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use the past participle with the imperfect form of haber.
Había, habías, había, habíamos, habían |
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Talking about what you had (or had not) done before a given time in the past, examples:
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"Before graduating from high school, I hadn't studied Spanish."
-"Antes de graduarme en la escuela secundaria, no había estudiado español." |
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natural resources
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los recursos naturales
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river
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el río
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nature
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la naturaleza
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rhythm, pace
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el ritmo
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service
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el servicio
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to avoid
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evitar
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to recycle
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reciclar
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to resolve
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resolver (ue)
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level
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el nivel
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brakes
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los frenos
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driver
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el/la conductor(a)
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speed limit
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el limite de velocidad
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police officer
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el/la policía
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fast/accelerated
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acelerado/a
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public
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público/a
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