Pulmonary System Structure Function Huether Chapt. 25

Front 1

What are structures of pulmonary system?

Back 1

lungs
airways
chest wall
pulmonary and bronchial circulation

Front 2

Where does gas exchange occur?

Back 2

Below 16th division
bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveoli

Front 3

What is the alveolocapillary membrane?

Back 3

membrane surrounding each alveolus

contains pulmonary capillaries

Front 4

Name the two circulatory systems of pulmonary function?

Back 4

pulmonary circulation (separate)

bronchial circulation (branch of systemic circulation)

Front 5

plueral space

Back 5

area where viceral and parietal plurae rub against eachother

Front 6

What are the neuroreceptors in the lungs that monitor mechanical aspects of ventilation?

Back 6

Irritant receptors (cough)

stretch receptors (sense lung volume and expansion)

J-receptors (pulmonary capillary pressure)

Front 7

What is required for successful ventilation, mechanically speaking?

Back 7

interaction of

muscles of inspiration and expiration

alveolar surface tension

elastic properties of lungs and chest wall

resistance to airflow

Front 8

What does surfactant do?

Back 8

reduces the surface tension of alveoli and allows them to expand when air is inhaled

Front 9

Compliance needs ___________in the lungs and ___________ in the chest wall

Back 9

surfactant

elasticity

Front 10

Transversus Abdominus

Back 10

Attachment 1: Thoracolumbar fascia and ribs
Attachment 2: Linea alba
Action: Aid in urination, defecation, parturition, & respiration. Lateral flexion. Support/contain abdominal cavity contents.
Innervation: Ventral branches of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 11

What does gas transport depend upon?

Back 11

ventilation of alveoli

diffusion across the alveolocapillary membrane

perfusion of pulmonary and systemic capillaries

and diffusion from capillaries to tissues

Front 12

Where is perfusion of the lungs the greatest? Why?

Back 12

base alveoli are more compliant

and

gravity

Front 13

How does oxygen get onto Hemoglobin?

Back 13

PaO2 exerts pressure in the plasma until it mellows when it gets near the tissues.

Diffusion off hemoglobin into tissue cells