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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Most common cause of cancer death
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Lung CA
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Most common nosocomial infection causing death
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Pneumonia
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Most common pneumonia in the ICU caused by what
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Gram NEGATIVE bacteria
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Common cause of cough in immunocompetent nonsmokers not taking ACE-I
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Postnasal drip, Asthma, & GERD
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Most common cause of cough
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URI
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MCC of community-acquired pneumonia
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Strep pneumoniae
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Most common cause of atypical pneumonia
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Most common acute cause of wheezing in children <2 y/o (especially 1-3 mo)
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bronchiolitis
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Most common cause of airway obstruction in children age 6 mo- 6 y/o & leading cause of hospitalization <4 y/o
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Croup
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Most common Chronic disease in children & adolescents
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asthma
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Most common site of metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma
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lungs
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Most common cause of spontaneous pneumothorax
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rupture of a subpleural bleb
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Most common opportunistic organism in HIV pts
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Pneumocystis jiroveci (P. carinii)
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Most common cause of acute bronchiolitis
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RSV
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Most common cause of acute epiglottiditis
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Haemophilus influenzae type b (HiB)
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Triad of PE symptoms
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Chest pain
Dyspnea Hemoptysis |
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Bergman's Triad (Fat emboli syndrome)
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Mental status changes
Petechiae Dyspnea |
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Symptoms of Systemic Inflammatoy Response Syndrome (SIRS)
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Fever >38°C or <36°C
Heart Rate >90 Respiratory Rate >20 or PaCO2 <32 Abnormal WBC >12,000 or <4,000 or >10% bands |
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Samter’s TRIAD
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Asthma
Aspirin sensitivity Nasal/ethmoidal polyposis |
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Atopic TRIAD of Asthma
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Wheeze
Eczema Seasonal rhinitis |
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3 components of Asthma
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Obstruction to airflow
Bronchial hyperreactivity Inflammation of airway |
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CXR shows air bronchograms and diffuse bilateral atelectasis, causing a "ground-glass appearance".
DX? |
Hyaline membrane disease (respiratory distress syndrome)
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Hampton’s Hump on CXR is what?
Westermark Sign on CXR is what? These indicate what condition? |
Wedge shaped pleural-based density.
A decrease in pulmonary vascular markings due to decreased blood flow to the area. Indicate a Pulmonary Embolism |
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S1 Q3 T3 on EKG is what?
Indicates what condition? |
RBBB, right axis deviation, flipped T waves/ ST depression
Indicates a pulmonary embolism |
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Steeple sign opn CXR indicates what condition?
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Croup
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"Tripod position" indicates what condition?
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Epiglottitits
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What is the "Thumb sign" on X-ray?
Seen in what condition? |
Swollen epiglottis seen on lateral neck x-ray
Indicates epiglottiditis |
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"Pink puffer" has what condition?
"Blue bloater" has what condition? |
Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis |
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GOLD STANDARD to DX pneumonia
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Infiltrates on CXR
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Diagonstic evaluation to DX a PE?
GOLD STANDARD to DX a PE? |
Spiral CT is diag eval
Pulmonary angiography is GS |
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GOLD STANDARD to DX a foreign body
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Endoscopy
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CXR shows visceral pleural line or a deep sulcus sign on supine film- seen in what condition?
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Pneumothorax
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Acute onset of a single episode of shaking with chills (rigor) and pleurisy. Also "rust-colored" sputum.
CXR shows lobar consolidation. DX? |
Strep pneumoniae pneumonia
"pneumoccocal pneumonia" |
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"Currant jelly" sputum in an alcoholic pt
DX? |
Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia
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Parenchymal bullae or subpleural blebs on CXR indicates what condition?
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Emphysema
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CXR honeycombing
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Pulm fibrosis or bronchiectasis
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A lung biopsy shows non-encaseating granulomas. what condition is this?
A lung bx shows caseating granulomas. DX? |
Sarcoidosis
TB |
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"Hot potato" voice
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peritonsillar abscess
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Barking "seal-like" cough in what condition?
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Croup
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Triple layered or "3 phase" sputum seen in what condition?
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Brochiectasis
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Kerley B lines on CXR seen in what condition?
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Pulmonary fibrosis or carcinomatosis
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"Eggshell" calcification of hilar or mediastinal LN's on CXR.
DX? |
Silicosis
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"Curschmann spirals" (mucus casts in small airways)
seen in what condition? |
Asthma
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"Signet Ring" (thick bronchial walls) or "tram-track lung marking" on CXR
DX? |
Bronchiectasis
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Schaumann's bodies and asteroid bodies
ACE levels are elevated it pts w/ active disease. CXR shows bilateral hilar adenopathy and right paratracheal adenopathy. Lung BX shows non-encaseating granulomas. DX? |
Sarcoidosis
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CXR shows reticular linear pattern with basilar predominance with pleural plaques.
DX? |
Asbestosis
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Pneumonia in college setting, young people most likely caused by what?
How is it TX? |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydia pneumoniae with a tetracycline like Doxycycline |
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Pneumonia due to contaminated water droplets from cooling/ventilation systems most likely caused by what?
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Legionella
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What is the "SPHERE" on lung cancer complications?
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SVC Syndrome
Pancoast's Tumor Horner's Syndrome Endocrine (carcinoid syndrome: flushing, diarrhea, telangiectasias) Recurrent laryngeal nerve (hoarseness) Effusions (exudative) |
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Most common cause of respiratory disease in the preterm infant
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Hyaline membrane disease
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Upper lobe nodules and hyperinflation of lower lobes on CXR in what condition?
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Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis
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What is the pattern of inheritence for cystic fibrosis
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Autosomal recessive
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Pneumonia like symptoms in addition to sore throat, hoarseness, and HA. Cold agglutinins are not elevated.
DX? |
Chlamydia pneumonia
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Pneumonia-like symptoms plus high fever, hyponatremia, and diarrhea. Appear more ill than the CXR indicates.
DX? |
Legionella pneumonia
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Pneumonia-like symptoms plus low grade fever, dry cough, bullous myringitis, cold agglutintins.
CXR shows unilateral lower lobe patchy consolidation. DX? |
Mycoplasma pneumonia
"walking pneumonia" |
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Immunocomp'ed pt with non-prod cough, fever, dyspnea that is slow onset. Increased LDH, more hypoxic than CXR shows. Diffuse or perihilar inflitrates with a "ground glass" appearance on CXR.
DX? |
PCP pneumonia
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Pathogen most likely to cause pneumonia is a pt with cystic fibrosis?
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Pseudomonas
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Pathogen most likely to cause pneumonia in postsplenectomy pts?
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Encapsulated organisms like Strep pneumoniae and Haemophilus pneumoniae
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Lung Bx shows caseating granulomas. CXR shows upper lobe infiltrates, frequently with cavitation.
DX? |
Tuberculosis
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Diagnostic eval to DX a DVT?
GOLD STANDARD to DX a DVT? |
Venous U/S is diag eval
Venography is GS |