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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you calculate pulmonary vascular resistance?
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PVR = (Ppa - Pla)/ CO
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What determines pulmonary tissue pressure?
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transmural pressure, vascular tone, elasticity
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How does general hypoxia change PA pressure?
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increases general PA pressure, causes pulmonary HTN
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What increases vasoconstriction in a resting bronchiolar artery?
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O2 sensing, K channels, Ca channels, actin-myosin vasoconstriction
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What causes vasodilation in a resting bronchiolar artery?
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nitric oxide, vasodilators
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What causes vasoconstriction in a hypoxic artery with pulmonary hypertension?
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smooth muscle responses, Rho kinases
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How does exercise affect pulmonary function?
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increases cardiac output, decreases pulmonary hypertension
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What raises pulmonary artery flow?
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vasoconstriction, obstruction, obliteration, increased flow, compression
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What lowers pulmonary artery flow?
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vasodilation, recruitment
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What raises pressure in the left atrium?
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increased LV end diastolic pressure, increased left atrial pressure, increased venous obstruction, increased blood volume
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What lowers left atrial pressure?
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afterload reduction
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What are the mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension?
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elevation of LA pressure, obstruction of > 2/3rds of vascular bed, increased pulmonary blood flow, active pulmonary vasoconstriction
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What is the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in COPD?
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hypoxic vasoconstriction, cigarette smoking, intimal proliferation due to deposition of smooth muscle cells and fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction
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