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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the m/c/c of ARDS?
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Sepsis
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Tx of ARDS:
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1)Supplemental O2 2)Intubation & mechanical ventilation(high end expiratory pressure, low tidal volume), Laying prone 3)maintain circulation 4)tx underlying cause
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Traumatic asphyxia
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Rupture of capillaries d/t increased pressure from a closed epiglottis
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Flail chest
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Segment of throacic cage is detached from chest wall
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Standard tx for flail chest:
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Pain control & pulm toilet
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Tx of tension pneumothorax
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14 g needle superior of the 2nd intercostal space at the midclavicular line
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The most important sign for pulmonary contusion
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hypoxia
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What part of the heart is m/c injured in a chest trauma?
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subendocardial & RV
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What helps differentiate bt bronchitis & pneumonia?
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CXR
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Dx of bronchitis?
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PCR of nasopharyngeal swab
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Tx of acute bronchitis?
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Antitussive, bronchodilators, anti-viral meds
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Referral for a FB above the vocal cords?
FB below the vocal cords? FB in esophagus? |
ENT
Pulm GI |
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Continued lg hemoptysis & compromised airway requires what tx?
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Bronchoscopy
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How many cc's of blood loss defines massive hemoptysis?
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200-600cc in 24h
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Antivirals used for tx of influenza
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Amantadine, rimantadine, zanamavir, oseltamivir
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Time frame for influenza antivirals
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Within 48h
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What is heard on PE for pleural effusion?
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dullness to percussion, decreased breath sounds
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Lab features of a pleural EXUDATE:
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1)ratio of pleural fluid protein to serum protein >0.5 2)ratio of pleural fluid LDH to serum LDH >0.6
3) pleural fluid LD >2/3 the upper limit of nl serum LD |
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What is the difference bt primary & secondary pneumothorax
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Secondary is d/t an underlying condition such as COPD, CF, pneumonia
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What is the m/c/c of lung abscesses?
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Aspiration pneumonia
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Tx of lung abscess
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Clindamycin w/ 1st, 2nd, 3rd gen Ceph or B-lactam; Metronidazole as monotherapy
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What type of pneumothroax shifts TOWARD from the mediastinum?
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Spontaneous, traumatic
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Tension pneumothoraces show the mediastinum shifting in which direction of the pneumothroax?
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AWAY!
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Which pneumothorax is a medical emergency?
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Tension
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What is the difference in treatment of a tension & spontaneous pneumothorax?
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Tension: needle decompression followed by chest tube
Spontaneous: can observe, just a chest tube, may need drainage |
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Ptosis, anhidrosis, miosis
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Horner's syndrome
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What is the underlying mechanism a/w Horner's syndrome?
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Cervical sympathetic chain invasion
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Which lung cancers are located in the periphery?
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Adenocarcinoma
Large cell |
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Which lung cancer has already METS when presenting with symptoms?
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SCLC
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Which lung cancer can be treated with surgery?
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NSCLC
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Pt presents w/ foul smelling copious sputum. Ring-like structures or tram track on CXR?
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Bronchiectasis
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