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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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--: political inputs that have some impact on gov't opperation.
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Public Opinion
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PO is the aggregation of - & - on social issues (public events)
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attitudes and beliefs
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Attitudes tend to - into groups of people with common similiar social - (race, age, income)
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cluster, traits
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Impact on government:
- and - - and - - |
saliency and intersity
stabability and volatility distribution |
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- & - involve the diff levels of importance; higher level to those affected by issue
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saliency and intersity
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- and - involve usually stable opinions and party id or varying support
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stabability and volatility
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Distribution has three parts:-, -, & -. - is when most of the public do not know their opinion, - is when the public is one one side with clear direction, and - is when PO is split.
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directive, polarized, and permissive.
permissive, directive, and polarized |
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The government dislikes - distribution.
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polarized
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- PO is ignored in favor of soliency issues.
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general
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--- place votes on single issue they wish rep to address.
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single issue voters
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PO -: sicientifc random sampling of people, with -% accuracy +-3 points.
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polling, 95
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PO Polling depends on three things: -, -, and &
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timing, phasing, and interpretation
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OPs come from - and --. - is from family, peers, ect. -- is shaped by socailization patterns.
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socailization and rational thought
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-: opinions on variety of political issues that are fairly stable over time and shared by large number of people
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ideology
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--: small group that are organized (leaders, membs), people gathering togeth to advance some common concern w/ -.
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interest groups, gov't
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- interest groups are most -.
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special, crit
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Reasons for IG: human instinct together, -, constitutional protection of - and - gov't
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ultilitarian, assembly and petitioning
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Types of IG: - and non-.
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Economic
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Economic IG for -, -, and -
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labor, professional groups and trade associations (growing fastest), and peak associtations trying to represent large interest
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non-Ecomonic IG for -, -, and -
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adovcady for single interest, ethnic (many, shared expereinces (presents positive light)
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IG Actions: -, -, ---, -, & -.
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Lobbying, electioneering, general public relations, litigation, uncoventional
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-, IG action, has two types: 1. - is well-known, has reps from IG who make formal presentations to give tech information about issue. Usually (allows/blocks) gov't action.
2. - deals with largest groups, where group leaders contact members and tell then about bill to get them involved, is a reflection of power. |
Lobbying, blocks
direct, indirect |
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-, IG action, deals with money spent by nat. gov't, collect from contribs from individual or groups (PACs) or workers, inkind aid
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Electioneeering
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---, IG action, is "- control" that creates a postivite PO w/out direct selling, thus creating more influence on gov't action
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general public relations, climate
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-, IG action, invloves a -- method, which goes to court, it is a typical action against the - agency.
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Litigation, last resort, bueracracy
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-, IG action, that is public - to demonstrate traditions, strike, riots. (usually outside of typical way to get action)
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Unconventional, display
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IG -: showing that power isn't equal by -, -, -, and -.
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strenght
size, wealth, solidarity, and leadership skills&tactics. |
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Size: larger members larger -.
Wealth: - amount to spend, more power. Solidarity: positive - of the group, more power. Leadership: creates - bw groups. |
clout
bigger perspective competition |
