Pta Licensure

Front 1

Wheel chair seat height

Back 1

Measured from the user’s heel to the popliteal fold; two inches should be added to allow clearance of the footrest.

Front 2

Wheel chair average seat height

Back 2

19.5 to 20.5 inches

Front 3

Wheel chair seat width

Back 3

Measured at the widest aspect of the patient’s buttocks, hips or thighs and adding approximately two inches.

Front 4

Wheel chair average seat width

Back 4

The average seat width is 18 inches.

Front 5

Wheel chair seat depth

Back 5

Measured from the patient’s posterior buttock, along the lateral thigh to the popliteal fold, then subtracting approximately two inches to avoid pressure from the front edge of the seat against the popliteal space.

Front 6

Wheel chair average seat depth

Back 6

Average seat depth = 16 inches

Front 7

Wheel chair back height

Back 7

Measured from the seat of the chair to the floor of the axilla with the patient’s shoulder flexed to 90 degrees and then subtract approximately four inches. This will allow the final back height to be below the inferior angles of the scapulae.

Front 8

Wheel chair average back height

Back 8

The average back height is 16 to 16.5 inches.

Front 9

The application of a tissue __________ modality (e.g., continuous ultrasound, superficial moist heat) will most directly influence the viscoelasticity of the tissue

Back 9

Tissue heating modality (e.g., continuous ultrasound, superficial moist heat)

Front 10

______________ is an abnormally large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. Normal range for carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) is 35 – 45 mm Hg.

Back 10

Hypercapnia

Front 11

Hypercapnia is determined by what kind of lab test?

Back 11

Arterial blood gas analysis.

Front 12

__________ refers to a forward & downward displacement of the bladder within the pelvic cavity. Can result from delivery-related muscle weakness or injury to the bladder's supporting structures. (May protrude through anterior vaginal wall.

Back 12

Cystocele

Front 13

_______ __________ is associated with a weakening of the uterine supporting structures. Depending on the degree of prolapse, the uterus may even protrude externally through the vaginal canal.

Back 13

Uterine prolapse

Front 14

___________ associated with weakening of the rectal supporting structures. A small tissue bulge may be noticeable depending on the degree present.

Back 14

Rectocele

Front 15

__________ is most commonly diagnosed in women who have had a hysterectomy. Without the structure of the uterus for support, the small bowel may descend into the pelvic cavity and rest on the upper portion of the vagina creating a small bulge.

Back 15

Enterocele

Front 16

Primary purpose of incorporating a tilt table into the patient's established POC

Back 16

The tilt table provides low grade therapeutic stress to the cardiovascular system.

Front 17

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Back 17

Characterized by a temporary inflammation and demyelination of the peripheral nerves' myelin sheaths. Most often results in motor weakness in a distal to proximal progression, sensory impairment, & possible respiratory paralysis. The large majority of patients experience a full recovery within 12-24 months, with some patients experiencing residual deficits.

Front 18

Huntington's disease

Back 18

Progressive hereditary condition caused by tissue changes in the brain. Symptoms: abnormal movements (chorea), personality disturbances, & dementia. Patients typically die 15-20 years after the onset of the disease.

Front 19

Multiple sclerosis

Back 19

Demyelination of white matter in CNS. Symptoms include focal weakness, fatigue, diplopia, blurred vision, vertigo, paresthesias, & urinary incontinence. Progressive disease characterized by remission of exacerbation. Will not experience full recovery.

Front 20

Myasthenia gravis

Back 20

Autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular transmission. Symptoms include fluctuating weakness & fatiguability of skeletal muscles. Progressive disease characterized by remissions and exacerbations. Commonly affect proximal limb and facial muscles. Will not experience full recovery.

Front 21

Grip strength is tested with a _________ device, and is measured in ____________ as the unit.

Back 21

Dynamometer; kilograms.

Pg. 71

Front 22

The ________ __________ ________ is characterized by rigid extension of the lower extremities. Begins at birth and is integrated at 6 months of age.

Back 22

Positive support reflex

Front 23

The stimulus for the positive support reflex is:

Back 23

weight placed on the balls of the feet in standing

pg 184

Front 24

Increased wheelchair back height is often indicated to improve ______ _______ . This modification will allow the patient to more efficiently and safely propel the wheelchair.

Back 24

trunk control

Front 25

A backward tilt-in-space frame is indicated for patients that...

Back 25

are unable to sit upright or perform weight shifting due to issues with sliding or extensor tone.

Front 26

A custom-molded seat is indicated for patients with a pelvic obliquity, allowing them to...

Back 26

more evenly distribute weight bearing forces and improve sitting tolerance

Front 27

The purpose of a cool down period after an exercise program is to...

Back 27

Prevent pooling of blood within extremities by continuing to use the muscles and maintaining venous return. Along with preventing myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, and other cardiovascular complications.

Front 28

What are the three components of an exercise program?

Back 28

Warm-up, aerobic exercise, and a cool down.

Front 29

A cool down period should include _______ _____ ________ and should last __ minutes

Back 29

total body exercise; 5

Front 30

The percentage of maximal heart rate is often used to measure the training _________ of aerobic exercise.

Back 30

intensity

Front 31

Formula for maximal heart rate

Back 31

220-age

Front 32

True or False:
The larger the portion of the body immersed in the whirlpool, the greater the level of heat stress; therefore, increase the risk of hyperthermia.

Back 32

True

Front 33

How should a general assessment of a patient's cognitive status be obtained?

Back 33

Conduct a patient interview

Front 34

The ________ _______ _______ _________ produces extension of the affected upper extremity when the patient's head is turned toward the affected side. Upper extremity on skull side will flex.

Back 34

asymmetrical tonic neck reflex

Front 35

Brachialis Muscle
Action -
Innervated by -

Back 35

A: flexes elbow joint

I: musculocutaneous nerve

Front 36

Brachioradialis muscle
Action -
Innervated by -

Back 36

A: flexes elbow joint & assists supination/pronation when movements are resisted.
I: radial nerve

Front 37

Biceps brachii muscle
Action-

Innervated by-

Back 37

A: flex elbow joint & supinate forearm
I: musculocutaneous nerve

Front 38

Anconeus muscle

Action -

Innervated by -

Back 38

A: extends elbow joint & assist to stabilize ulna during supination/pronation

I: radial nerve

Front 39

What percentage does the stance phase make up of the gait cycle?

Back 39

60%

Front 40

Diaphoresis:

Back 40

profuse amount of sweating due to symptom of disease or side effect of drug

Front 41

What is the necessary amount of force (percentage of patient's body weight) needed to overcome friction when performing mechanical lumbar traction using a non-split traction table?

Back 41

25%

Front 42

True or False:

Symptoms associated with a rotator cuff tear typically occur immediately following a specific incident instead of in a gradual fashion. A rotator cuff tear produces limitations in strength, but not necessarily limitations of motion.

Back 42

True

Front 43

True or False:Symptoms associated with a rotator cuff tear typically occur gradually following a specific incident instead of immediately. A rotator cuff tear produces limitations in motion, but not necessarily limitations of strength.

Back 43

FALSE

Front 44

_______ __________ is an inflammatory process inovling the long head of the biceps. Symptoms: aching in the _______ or on ____ of the shoulder that's usually made worse with overhead activities or lifting options.

Back 44

Bicipital tendonitis; front or on top

Front 45

Failure to complete a sit-up due to weakness of the rectus abdominis often requires a ________ placed behind the head and shoulders. As the patient gradually becomes stronger, the size of the _______ can be diminished and ultimately eliminated.

Back 45

wedge; wedge

Front 46

A ramp should have a minimum width of ____ inches in order for a patient to ascend and descend the ramp using a wheelchair.

Back 46

36

Front 47

A ramp with a grade of 8.3% reflects the maximum grade of a ramp. This grade indicates that for each ___ inch of rise there will be ___ inches of run

Back 47

8.3%; 1; 12

(i.e., 1/12 = 0.083 x 100 = 8.3%).

Front 48

A bathroom sink should have a minimum of ___ inches of clearance (height) under the sink to accommodate a wheelchair.

Back 48

29 in

Front 49

A doorway must have a minimum width of ___ inches for a patient to safely propel a wheelchair through the doorway.

Back 49

32 inches

Front 50

The anterior drawer test is primarily used to assess the integrity of the ________ __________ _________ when the foot is in a plantar flexed position. Excessive translation of the ______ indicates a positive test.

Back 50

anterior talofibular ligament; talus

Front 51

Goniometry placement during cervical flex/ext?
Axis:

Moveable arm:
Stationary arm:

Back 51

Axis: external auditory meatus

Moveable arm: parallel with nose

Stationary arm: vertical

Front 52

The capsular pattern of the glenohumeral joint is characterized by restrictions in

Back 52

lateral rotation, abduction, and medial rotation.

Front 53

An ________ end-feel results when pain prevents reaching the end range of motion. Resistance is not felt, although protective muscle splinting or muscle spasm may be detected.

Back 53

empty

Front 54

_________ refers to a temporary loss of consciousness (fainting) due to generalized cerebral ischemia.

Back 54

Syncope

Front 55

A _________ splint is typically utilized to maintain a joint in an appropriate position during an acute exacerbation of symptoms allowing the joint to rest while limiting the risk of contracture development.

Back 55

resting

Front 56

A _________ splint typically includes a spring or elastic component utilized to exert force on a joint. This force may be utilized to facilitate passive or assisted movement of a joint or to resist movement in the direction opposite the line of pull. Not typically indicated during acute exacerbations.

Back 56

dynamic

Front 57

A ________ splint is typically utilized to support, protect, and stabilize a joint during specific activities (e.g., holding a writing or eating utensil) in order to improve efficiency and functional performance of a task.

Back 57

functional

Front 58

A _______ splint is a form of corrective splinting utilized to immobilize a joint in order to increase range of motion while correcting a deformity such as a soft tissue contracture.

Back 58

serial

Front 59

Primary muscles innervated with a C4 spinal cord injury:

Back 59

diaphragm and trapezius

Front 60

What are the 5 stages patient often experience in coming to terms with death?

Back 60

Denial

Anger

Bargaining

Depression

Acceptance

Front 61

A ________ gait occurs as a form of compensation for weakness or paralysis of the dorsiflexor muscles. Patient tends to excessively flex the hip and knee in an effort to clear the foot.

Back 61

steppage

Front 62

An increase or decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg or more is considered an abnormal response to exercise.

Back 62

False, 10 mm Hg

Front 63

The biceps muscle is innervated by:

Back 63

Musculotaneous nerve (C5-C6)

Front 64

The deltoid muscle is innervated by:

Back 64

Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Front 65

The triceps muscle is innervated by:

Back 65

Radial nerve (C7-C8)

Front 66

The diaphragm is innervated by:

Back 66

Phrenic nerve (C3, C4, C5)