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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Safety considerations for all patient interactions:
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-use of equip.
-use of extra persons -use of proper body mechanics -prep work area (anticipate needs) |
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Appropriate lifting methods
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-deep squat lift
-power lift -straight leg lift -Golfer's lift -half-kneeling -traditional lift -stoop lift |
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Always move the patient ________ you.
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toward
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Reasons for patient positioning:
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-comfort
-prevention of decubitus ulcers and contractures -support and stability -allow access to body parts -relieves excessive pressure on ST, bony prominences & circulatory and neurological structures. |
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supine
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laying face up
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prone
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lying face down
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Trendellenburg Position
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position where legs are higher than head
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Semi-Fowler's Position
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sitting with legs bent at a 45 degree angle
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Reasons for draping
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-modesty
-comfort -keeping PA clothing clean |
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Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in Supine position
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-Head & Trunk:
occipital tuberosity, spine of scapula, inferior angle of scapula, vertebral spinous processes, posterior iliac crest, and sacrum -UE: medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process -LE: posterior calcaneous, greater trochanter |
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Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in PRONE position
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-Head & Trunk:
forehead,lateral ear,tip of acromion process, sternum, anteriosuperior iliac spine (ASIS) -UE anterior head of humerus, clavicle -LE patella, ridge of tibia, dorsum of foot |
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Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in SIDELYING position
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-Head & Trunk
lateral ear, lateral ribs, lateral acromion process -UE lareal head of humerus, medial & lateral epicondyles of humerus -LE greater trocanter of femur, medial & lateral condyles of femur, malleolus of fibula and tibia |
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Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in SITTING position
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-Head & Trunk
ischial tuberosity,scapular & vertebral spinous spinal processes -UE medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process -LE greater trochanter, popliteal fossa |
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Possible contractures in SUPINE position
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-hip & ankle flexors
-ankle planter flexors -shoulder extensors, add and IR's -Hip ER's |
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Possible contractures in PRONE position
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-ankle planter flexors
-shoulder extensors, ADD's & IR's -neck rotators |
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contrature
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the shorten and tighten of soft tissue.
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Possible contractures in SIDELYING position
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-Hip ADD's, flexors and IR's
-knee flexors -shoulder ADD's and IR's |
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Possible contractures in SITTING position
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-hip flexors, ADD's & IR;s
-knree flexors -Shoulder ADD's, extensors & IR's |
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Factors that may influence transfers:
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-bed mobility
-ROM -strength -cognition level -balence |
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Conditions requiring special precautions during positioning and transfers:
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-Total Hip Replacements
-Low back trauma -spinal cord injuies -Total Knee Replacements |
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Total Hip Replacement precautions
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-no hip adduction past mid-line
-no hip internal rotation -no hip flexion past 90 degrees -do not cross the ankle of involved site over the opposite extremity |
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Red areas of skin indicate ___________.
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pressure
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Pale (blanched) areas of skin indicate ___________.
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severe, dangerous pressure ( stage 1 pressure ulcer)
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Complaints of numbness or tingling or localized edema indicates ____________.
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excessive pressure
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Pressure on a localized area of soft tissue, especially in areas of bony prominences, produces local ___________,
which can cause tissue _____________. |
Ischemia; necrosis.
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Independent (I)
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PA can preform transfer with no verbal or manual assit
(no gait belt) |
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Assited (A)
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PA requires physical, tactile or verbal assit
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Stand by Assist (SBA)
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PA requires verbal or tactile clues, close follow but no touching (no gait belt)
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Contact Guard (CG)
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PA requires hands on at all times
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MinA
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minimal assist; PTA 25% PA 75%
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ModA
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moderate assist; PTA 50% PA 50%
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MaxA
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Maximal assist; PTA 75% PA 25%
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WC
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wheelchair
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Change position every __________; every _____________ if in wc.
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2 hours, hour.
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Proper body mechanics:
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-keep COG in BOS: keep VGL within BOS
-widen BOS as needed -move objects/PA as close to you as possible -maintain lumbar lordosis (spine curve) -roll, push or pull rather than lifting -avoid trunk flexion w/ rotation -have one person in charge |
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Always transfer patient towards the __________side.
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uninvolved
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