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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Safety considerations for all patient interactions:
-use of equip.
-use of extra persons
-use of proper body mechanics
-prep work area (anticipate needs)
Appropriate lifting methods
-deep squat lift
-power lift
-straight leg lift
-Golfer's lift
-half-kneeling
-traditional lift
-stoop lift
Always move the patient ________ you.
toward
Reasons for patient positioning:
-comfort
-prevention of decubitus ulcers and contractures
-support and stability
-allow access to body parts
-relieves excessive pressure on ST, bony prominences & circulatory and neurological structures.
supine
laying face up
prone
lying face down
Trendellenburg Position
position where legs are higher than head
Semi-Fowler's Position
sitting with legs bent at a 45 degree angle
Reasons for draping
-modesty
-comfort
-keeping PA clothing clean
Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in Supine position
-Head & Trunk:
occipital tuberosity, spine of scapula, inferior angle of scapula, vertebral spinous processes, posterior iliac crest, and sacrum
-UE:
medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process
-LE:
posterior calcaneous, greater trochanter
Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in PRONE position
-Head & Trunk:
forehead,lateral ear,tip of acromion process, sternum,
anteriosuperior iliac spine (ASIS)
-UE
anterior head of humerus, clavicle
-LE
patella, ridge of tibia, dorsum of foot
Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in SIDELYING position
-Head & Trunk
lateral ear, lateral ribs, lateral acromion process
-UE
lareal head of humerus, medial & lateral epicondyles of humerus
-LE
greater trocanter of femur, medial & lateral condyles of femur, malleolus of fibula and tibia
Vulnerable areas for pressure ulcers in SITTING position
-Head & Trunk
ischial tuberosity,scapular & vertebral spinous spinal processes
-UE
medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process
-LE
greater trochanter, popliteal fossa
Possible contractures in SUPINE position
-hip & ankle flexors
-ankle planter flexors
-shoulder extensors, add and IR's
-Hip ER's
Possible contractures in PRONE position
-ankle planter flexors
-shoulder extensors, ADD's & IR's
-neck rotators
contrature
the shorten and tighten of soft tissue.
Possible contractures in SIDELYING position
-Hip ADD's, flexors and IR's
-knee flexors
-shoulder ADD's and IR's
Possible contractures in SITTING position
-hip flexors, ADD's & IR;s
-knree flexors
-Shoulder ADD's, extensors & IR's
Factors that may influence transfers:
-bed mobility
-ROM
-strength
-cognition level
-balence
Conditions requiring special precautions during positioning and transfers:
-Total Hip Replacements
-Low back trauma
-spinal cord injuies
-Total Knee Replacements
Total Hip Replacement precautions
-no hip adduction past mid-line
-no hip internal rotation
-no hip flexion past 90 degrees
-do not cross the ankle of involved site over the opposite extremity
Red areas of skin indicate ___________.
pressure
Pale (blanched) areas of skin indicate ___________.
severe, dangerous pressure ( stage 1 pressure ulcer)
Complaints of numbness or tingling or localized edema indicates ____________.
excessive pressure
Pressure on a localized area of soft tissue, especially in areas of bony prominences, produces local ___________,
which can cause tissue _____________.
Ischemia; necrosis.
Independent (I)
PA can preform transfer with no verbal or manual assit
(no gait belt)
Assited (A)
PA requires physical, tactile or verbal assit
Stand by Assist (SBA)
PA requires verbal or tactile clues, close follow but no touching (no gait belt)
Contact Guard (CG)
PA requires hands on at all times
MinA
minimal assist; PTA 25% PA 75%
ModA
moderate assist; PTA 50% PA 50%
MaxA
Maximal assist; PTA 75% PA 25%
WC
wheelchair
Change position every __________; every _____________ if in wc.
2 hours, hour.
Proper body mechanics:
-keep COG in BOS: keep VGL within BOS
-widen BOS as needed
-move objects/PA as close to you as possible
-maintain lumbar lordosis (spine curve)
-roll, push or pull rather than lifting
-avoid trunk flexion w/ rotation
-have one person in charge
Always transfer patient towards the __________side.
uninvolved