Pt709 Posture Body Mechanics

Front 1

Posture (define)

Back 1

Alignment of body parts whether upright, sitting or recumbent

Front 2

Basis of many musculoskeletal pain syndromes?

Back 2

Postural impairments

Front 3

Affects of Impaired Posture?
(list 2)

Back 3

Microtrauma from:
Overuse
-athletes
-repetitive motion during work
-holding a single posture for a long time

Poor Technique:
-weekend warrior

Poor posture increases the strain on supporting structures, making the system less efficient

Front 4

Examination of Posture

Back 4

Traditionally examined in standing and sitting
-or any position patient frequently assumes

Different phases of life
-walking
-gait

Front 5

Standard Posture

Back 5

Refers to ideal posture
-have to think of both dynamic (muscles ) and inert structure (joint capsules….)

Muscle provide Dynamic counterforces
Inert (bone, ligament): provide passive tension

Compare patient’s posture to the standard
-Any deviations are considered impairments of posture

Front 6

Curves of the Spine

Back 6

Four curves of the adult spine
-Two primary or posterior curves
-Curves found babies
-Convex to posterior
-Thoracic, sacral areas – can have kyphosis

Two compensatory or anterior curves
-Named: as infant learn to lift ed and stand, those forces have to go the other way
-Found in cervical, lumbar spines, the areas where you have lordosis

In an upright posture the line of gravity should transect the spinal curves

Front 7

Motions of the Spine

Back 7

Six degrees of motion – from text
A. Flexion – Extension
B. Side bending (lateral flexion)
C. Rotation (ant. of vertebral body)
F. Compression – Distraction
D/E. Lateral shear

Front 8

Line of Gravity

Back 8

Places stress on structures responsible for maintaining upright posture
-stabe, line of gravity should fall thru aixs of rotation

Weight bearing joints
-continually challenged for stability and efficient movement
-sway 12 degress (text 4cm)

Front 9

Postural Alignment

Back 9

Where of line of gravity should fall

Ankle: slightly anterior to lateral malleous
stability: by plantar flexors, (gastroc/solieus, more solius b/c its more of a stabilizer mm)

Knee: anterior to knee joint, but posterior to patella
stability: ACL, posterior capsule of knee, calves and hamstring muscles

Hip: b/c of posturial sway varies, but should go thru greater trocantur
stability: sway changes it, but either hip flexiors/extensors

Trunk
-Midway between the back and the abdomen
-Midway between front and back of the chest
-Should pass through the bodies of the lumbar and cervical vertebrae

Head
-Through the lobe of the ear

In a back view of the patient right and left halves should be symmetrical
-medial border of scapula ~3 inches from spine

Front 10

Standard Posture (side view of skeleton)

Back 10

CORRECTION: ANKLE: SHOULD BE ANTERIOR TO LATERAL MALLEOLUS

Front 11

Standard Posture (back view of skeleton)

Back 11

Front 12

Effects of Impaired Posture

Back 12

Maybe not inflammatory response, mechanical problem but less likely a pathology or disease

Pain
-Stress on ligaments, joint capsules, nerves, etc.
-Pain without injury and overuse syndromes

Muscle Endurance
-Injuries more likely after repetitive activity
-Muscles become either short or long
-Described as long muscles being weak, short being tight

Front 13

Pain Syndromes Due to Impaired Posture

Back 13

Postural Fault
Postural Pain Syndrome
Postural Dysfunction

Front 14

Postural Fault

Back 14

Anthying that devieates from normal alignment
Not true strucutal impairment
Can be whole sytsem, or like a single segment

Front 15

Postural Pain Syndrome

Back 15

-Occurs due to mechanical stresses from same posterior over time
-Pain relieved by activity b/c getting out of that posture
-Early on will not see deficit with strength
-Hyperbobility can cause

Front 16

Postural Dysfunction

Back 16

Adaptive shortening of muscle, weakness, can be caused by poor postural habits, or caused by some trauma or surgery (contractions or adhesions)

Shortened tissues will cause pain as try to elongate them