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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drugs Cause HYPOMAG.
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- GOLD
- GENTAMYCIN |
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S and Sx of HypoMg
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- Muscle: weakness, tremors, spasiticity, convulsions
- N/V, Anorexia - Cardiac arrhythmias |
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Drugs Cause Hyper Magnesium:
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- antacids, laxatives, IV fluids (pregnancy, ACLS)
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TX OF Hyper Mag.
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1. d/c drug
2. administer calcium or loop diuretic 3. dialysis (worse case) |
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S and Sx of Hypermag:
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Depressed DTR
Quadriplegia Respiratory paralysis Hypotension EKG changes |
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Drugs that cause hypocalcemia:
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1. glucocorticoids (increase osteoclast)
2. loop diuretics 3. EDTA (binds calcium) 4. calcitonin |
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S and Sx of hypocalcemia:
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Mild: fatigue, depression, loss of memory, finger numbness, burning and tingling of extremities.
CHRONIC: seizures, tetany, H.F., arrthymias, decreases blood pressure. |
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What conditions can cause hypercalcemia?
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Malignancy (CANCER)
Hyperparathyroidism |
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What medications cause hypercalcemia?
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1. thiazide diuretics (INCREASE renal retention_
2. Tamoxifen 3. Vitamin D 4. Estrogen |
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What medications are used to treat hypercalcemia?
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Inhibition of Ca release from Bone:
1. Calcitonin 2. Bisphosphanates (Pamidronate and Etidronate) 3. Corticosteriod --> can cause bone loss. |
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A major components phosphate:
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phospholipids, RNA, NADP, cAMP, ATP.
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Causes of hypophosphatemia:
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refeeding syndrome: during recovery after starvation)
Medication: glucagon, calcitonin, or adenergic agonists, thiazide, and loop diuretics) |
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TX OF hypophosphatemia:
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1. oral replacement: (30-60 mmol/day) milk, neutra-phos, fleets, k-phos.
2. parenteral replacement: 0.32 mmol/kg if phos less than 0.5 |
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tx of hyperphosphatemia:
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1. Ca (phos-lo)
2. renagel |
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Thiamine
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Vitamin B-1
- coenzyme in the metabolism of carbo and branched chain amino acids |
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Riboflavin
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Vitamin B-2
- coenzyme in numerous redox reactions. |
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Niacin
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- nicotinic acid
- nicotinamide - required for energy metabolism (required for many biological reduction and oxidation metabolism.) |
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Folic Acid
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- Folate
- coenzyme in the metabolism of nucleic acid and a.a. |
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Pyridoxine
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Vitamin B-6
- Coenzyme in the metabolism of a.a., glycogen, sphingoid bases |
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Cyanocobalamine
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Vitamin B-12
- coenzyme in nucleic acid metabolism prevents megaloblastic anemias |
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What should u omit in renal disease for TPN bag?
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chromium, molybdenum, selenium
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