Pt 511 Kinesiolgy Exam 3

Front 1

Which femoral condyle is C shaped?

Back 1

Medial

Front 2

Which femoral condyle is more rounded?

Back 2

Lateral

Front 3

What is the joint classification of the knee?

Back 3

Synovial Hinge Joint

Front 4

What is A?

Back 4

Femoral Condyles

Front 5

What is B?

Back 5

Tibial Pateau

Front 6

The distal femur is _________ medial to lateral and _________ superior to inferior.

Back 6

Concave
Convex

Front 7

Which condyle is larger and longer?

Back 7

Medial

Front 8

What are the two layers of the knee joint capsule?

Back 8

Fibrous
Synovial

Front 9

What are characteristics of hyaline cartilage at the knee joint?

Back 9

Very thick on femur and tibia
Improved congruency due to compliance
Improved ability to handle large forces

Front 10

Which meniscus is attached to the MCL?

Back 10

Medial

Front 11

Which meniscus is less movable and therefore more frequently injured?

Back 11

Medial

Front 12

Which meniscus is attached to the popliteus?

Back 12

Lateral

Front 13

What are some examples of foam roll and Static Stretch Techniques for feet turning out?

Back 13

Gastrocnemius / Soleus
Bicept Femoris (short head)

Front 14

What are the two main pairs of ligaments?

Back 14

ACL/PCL
MCL/LCL

Front 15

What motion does the ACL prevent?

Back 15

Anterior translation of the tibia (tightest in extension)

Front 16

What motion does the PCL prevent?

Back 16

Posterior translation of the tibia (tight during flexion)

Front 17

What is the function of the MCL?

Back 17

Provides frontal plane stability
Resists valgus forces

Front 18

What is the function of the LCL?

Back 18

Resists varus forces and lateral rotation?

Front 19

What are functions and characteristics of the fat fad?

Back 19

Protect anterior knee joint structures
Moves anterior with extension, moves posterior with flexion
Highly innervated
Can be very painful

Front 20

What is the tendency for rotation called?

Back 20

Version

Front 21

What is the normal version of the foot in the transverse plane?

Back 21

0 Degrees

Front 22

What is the normal tilt of the patella at rest?

Back 22

Slight lateral titl

Front 23

What is the open pack position of the knee?

Back 23

25 Degrees Flexion

Front 24

What is the closed pack position of the knee?

Back 24

Full Extension
Tibial External Rotation

Front 25

What is the capsular pattern of the knee?

Back 25

Flexion > Extension

Front 26

What is normal end feel at the knee in flexion? Extension?

Back 26

Flexion- Soft
Extension- Firm

Front 27

Name the normal ROM at the knee for the following:
Flexion/Extension
Lateral Rotation
Abduction

Back 27

Flexion/Extension- 140 Degrees
Lateral Rotation- 20 Degrees
Abduction- 5 Degrees

Front 28

How many degrees of freedom does the knee have?

Back 28

6

Front 29

Which bone of the knee is concave? Convex?

Back 29

Concave- Tibia
Convex- Femur

Front 30

If motion occurs in the sagittal plane, what direction does the roll occur in?

Back 30

Anterior/Posterior

Front 31

If motion occurs in the frontal plane, what direction does the roll occur in?

Back 31

Superior/Inferior

Front 32

What is the purpose of the patella?

Back 32

Increase the moment arm or mechanical advantage of the quadriceps

Front 33

How much does the patella translate on the femur?

Back 33

5-6 cm

Front 34

What are the influences of the Q angle on the knee?

Back 34

The greater Q angle puts a larger medial stress on the knee and puts more stress on the ACL. If we have our knee in CKC, we put less shear force on the knee

Front 35

Which structure pulls on the suprapatellar pouch?

Back 35

Articularis Genu

Front 36

What is the screw home mechanism?

Back 36

Towards the end of knee flexion, the tibia medially rotates by way of the popliteus muscles.

Front 37

Which muscles initiates flexion of the knee?

Back 37

Popliteus

Front 38

Which muscles cause internal rotation of the knee?

Back 38

Semimembranosis
Semitendonosis
Sartorius
Gracilis

Front 39

Which muscles cause external rotation of the knee?

Back 39

TFL
Biceps Femoris

Front 40

What is the mid range where the body is able to generate the most amount of force at the knee when performing knee extension?

Back 40

50-80 Degrees

Front 41

During free weights, the peak quad force is at which position?

Back 41

Full extension

Front 42

When dealing with pullies, constant force-magnitudes is dependent on what?

Back 42

External Force

Front 43

During CKC, force increases with what?

Back 43

Knee Flexion

Front 44

During isokinetic motion, peak force is attained at what range?

Back 44

Mid range

Front 45

Forced generated at the knee can reach how how?

Back 45

9 times body weight

Front 46

Walking causes how much force at the tibiofemoral joint? Jogging?

Back 46

3x BW
12x BW

Front 47

During knee flexion, which direction does the patella move?

Back 47

Distally

Front 48

What mechanisms help prevent lateral trackining?

Back 48

Large lateral condyle superiorly
Medial extensor retinaculum
VMO

Front 49

Compressive and shear forces range from body weight with level walking to over 1100 lb while doing what?

Back 49

Running
Jumping

Front 50

Increased Flexion = ?

Back 50

Increase Compression

Front 51

The dome of the talus from anterior-posterior is _____, while from medial-lateral is ______.

Back 51

A-P: convex
M-L: concave

Front 52

The posterior facet of the calcaneous articulates with which structure?

Back 52

Talus

Front 53

Why is it important that the calcaneous is trabecular bone?

Back 53

It allows for shock absorption

Front 54

What are the keystones for the transverse arch of the foot?

Back 54

Cuneiform bones

Front 55

Which structures in the foot work as functional motion segment, often referred to as Rays?

Back 55

Metatarsal and phalanges

Front 56

What does the hindfoot include?

Back 56

Calcaneus
Talus

Front 57

What is included in the midfoot?

Back 57

Cuneiform
Navicular
Cuboid

Front 58

What is included in the forefoot?

Back 58

Metatarsals
Phalanges

Front 59

What are the 3 main functions of the ankle?

Back 59

Shock absorption
Adapt WB activity to uneven ground
Stable BOS for mobility

Front 60

What are motions at the ankle (tarsal)?

Back 60

Plantar Flexion
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
Eversion
Adduction
Abduction

Front 61

Which joint is considered the proper ankle joint?

Back 61

Talocrural

Front 62

Varus position at the foot has the foot pointed _______. Valgus is pointed ______.

Back 62

Varus: inward
Valgus: outward

Front 63

Which joint is referred to as the mortise joint?

Back 63

Talocrural

Front 64

What is normal plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the foot?

Back 64

Plantar Flexion: 35-50 degrees
Dorsiflexion: 20 degrees

Front 65

The axis of motion at the ankle during plantar flexion and dorsiflexion is what?

Back 65

From medial to lateral malleolus

Front 66

Motion at the talocrural joint is considered _______.

Back 66

Triplanar

Front 67

What is the resting position of the ankle?

Back 67

10 degree plantar flexion, midway between inversion and eversion

Front 68

What is the closed pack position of the ankle?

Back 68

Maximum dorsiflexion

Front 69

When considering capsular pattern at the ankle, plantar flexion is ______ limited than dorsiflexion.

Back 69

More

Front 70

What motion does the ATFL limit?

Back 70

Anterior glide of the talus

Front 71

Is the lateral ligament stronger or weaker than the medial ligament?

Back 71

Weaker

Front 72

What are characteristics of the deltoid ligament?

Back 72

Medial
Strong
Medial malleolus to talus, calcaneus, and navicular
Stabilizes during eversion

Front 73

Which ligament stabilizes the ankle during eversion?

Back 73

Deltoid

Front 74

Which bones comprise the subtalar joint?

Back 74

Talus
Calcaneus

Front 75

What type of joint is the subtalar? How many joint capsules?

Back 75

Synovial Joint
Two joint capsules (ant/post)

Front 76

What is normal inversion and eversion of the foot?

Back 76

Inversion: 20 degrees
Eversion: 10 degrees

Front 77

Which motion at the ankle is directed medial-superior? Lateral-inferior?

Back 77

Medial-superior: Inversion
Lateral-inferior: Eversion

Front 78

Which joint is referred to as the spring ligament of the talar head?

Back 78

Talonavicular joint

Front 79

DF/PF occur at which joint?
INV/EV?
PRON/SUP?

Back 79

DF/PF: Talocrural
INV/EV: Subtalar and Transverse Tarsal
PRON/SUP: All together

Front 80

Which motions occur at the MTP joints?

Back 80

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction

Front 81

MTP 1 joint has how much ROM?

Back 81

Flexion: 30-45 degrees
Extension: 50-70 degrees

Front 82

How many degrees of freedom does the MTP joint have?

Back 82

2

Front 83

What is the ROM of the IP joint of the hallux?

Back 83

0-30 degrees

Front 84

What are functions of the plantar fascia?

Back 84

Maintain shape of foot

Support/stabilize skin and plantar surface of foot joints

Dynamic in gait-stabilization of foot for pushing off the ground as it bears the weight of the body and is pulled taut

Front 85

What is the joint arthrokinematics of the subtalar joint?

Back 85

Posterior part of the joint-view as concave talus moving on convex calcaneous

Anterior part-View as slightly convex talus moving on concave calcaneous

Front 86

What are the arthrokinematics of the talocrural joint?

Back 86

Talus: Ant-Post: Convex
Talus: Med-Lat: Concave and Convex

Front 87

What condition has a high arch, is fairly rigid, and often is involved joint/bony injuries?

Back 87

Pes Cavus

Front 88

What condition is associated with flat foot, tends to be hypermobile, and is often involved with more soft tissue injuries?

Back 88

Pes Planus

Front 89

Which muscles has the largest cross-sectional area in the lower leg?

Back 89

Soleus