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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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akathisia
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usually occurs within 5 to 30 days(up to 90 days) of starting an antipsychotic drugs; characterized by motor restlessness, inability to sit or stand still; individual feels the need to pace, rock or tap foot
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antimanics
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group of drugs used to treat the mania episode of manic-depressive illness
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antipsychotic
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group of drugs used to treat serious mental illness, such as being out of touch with reality; they produce a state of tranquility and work on abnormally functioning nerves; same as neuroleptic and major tranquilizers
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anxiety
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state of feeling apprehensive, uneasy, uncertian, or in fear of an unknown or recognized threat
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anxiolytics
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same as antianxiety drugs
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barbiturates
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drugs that suppress the central nervous system; largely replaced by benzodiazepines
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benzodiazepines
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drugs that do not exert a general central nervous system depressent effect; act as a muscle relaxant, antianxiety, anticonvusant, and hypnotic
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catatonic
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state of psychologically induced immobilization at times interrupted by episodes of extreme agitation
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delusions
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false beliefs that are resistant to reasoning
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depression
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disorder characterized by a sense of worthlessness or hopelessness and often resulting in inability to carry out normal activites
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dystonia
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muscle spasms of the face, tongue, neck, or back; tongue may protrude, and facial grimaces usually occur after doses of antipsychotic drugs
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dysthymia
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characterized by a minimal psychological, social, and occupational disability
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extrapyramidal
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refers to a group of symptoms that are usually related to the close and prolonged administration of antipsychotic drugs
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hallucination
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impairment of the special senses (auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory) by which the individual perceives in response to his or her own inner stimulation; that is, beleifs, delusions, feelings, unfulfilled wishes and needs
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hypnotic
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drug that produces sleep by depressing the central nervous system
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insomnia
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sleeplessness, or inability to fall asleep or stay asleep
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major depression
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characterized by a significant psychological, social and occupational disability
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major tranquillizer
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drug that is given in psychotic disorders in which an individual is out of touch with reality; same as antipsychotic and neuroleptic
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mania
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a mood disorder characterized by grandiose behavior, flight of ideas, hyperactivity, poor judgement and aggressiveness
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minor tranquilizer
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drug that is given to calm anxious or agitated individuals
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neuroleptics
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same as antipschotics and major tranquilizers
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psychosis
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mental disorder in which the patient loses touch with reality
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schizophrenia
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mental illness in which psychosis is the classic feature; characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and disorganized behavior
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sedative
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drug that calms without producing sleep
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tardive dyskinesia
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potentially irreversible neurological side effects of anttipsychotic drugs in which there are involuntary repetitious movements of the face, limbs, and trunk
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What are the most commonly abused hallucinogens?
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LSD, marijuana, mescaline
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What are the most commonly abused narcotics?
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herion, methadone, morphine, opium, Demerol
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What are the most commonly abused seditives and tranquilizers?
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alcohol, barbiturates, Nembutal, Seconal
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What are the most commonly abused stimulants?
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glue, cocaine, methamphetamines
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What does SSRIs stand for?
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Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors
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What does MOAs stand for?
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Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
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Name some Tricylic Antidepressents
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Amitriotyline(Elavil)
Imipramine(Tofranil) |
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Name some SSRIs
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Fluoxetine(prozac)
Sertraline(Zoloft) Paroxetine(Paxil) |
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Name a MAOs
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Tranylcypromine
(Parnate) |
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Name some Antianxiety Agents and Sedatives/Hypnotics
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Diazepam (Valium)
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) Lorazepam(Ativan) Alprazolam(Xanax) Chloral hydrate(Noctec) Flurazepam(Dalmane) Triazolam(Halcion) |
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Name some Antipsychotic agents
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Chlorpromazine
(Thorazine) Fluphenazine (Prolixin) Trifluoperazine (Stelazine) Haloperidol(Haldol) |
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Name a Antimanics
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Lithium carbonate
(Eskalith, Lithane) |
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name 2 neurohormones in the CNS that affect emotions?
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actelychlorine & norepinephrine
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What stimulates transmission of reactions?
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Neurohormones
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What has a inhibitory and excitatory on functions such as sleep, arousal and memory?
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norepinphrine & dopamine
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What is the transmitter that's alterations in levels is associated with behavior?
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serotonin
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what type of drugs bock the effect of dopamine?
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phenothiazines
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what neurotransmitters are believed to play an important role in maintaining mental health?
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dopamine, serotonin and histamines
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What types of drugs are prescribed for patients with temporary emotional problems or anxiety?
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Mild tranquilizers, sedatives and antidepressants
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What are the 2 types of depression?
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Major depression & dysthymia
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What are 3 groups of antidepressants?
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MAO monoamine oxidase inhibitor
TCA tricyclic antidepressants SSRI serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors |
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What is the action of a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor?
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It increases concentration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine in the CNS by inhibiting MOA
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What is the action of a Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitor?
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they act to block the reuptake of serotonin
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What does a tricyclic antidepressant do?
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it increases the concentration of impulse-transmitting chemicals between neurons
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What is the difference between seditives and hypnotics?
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Both are CNS depressents. Sedatives have a calming effect & decrease nervousness& excitability. Hypnotics produce sleep
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What has drug has replaced barbiturates?
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Benzodiazepines; they don't produce a generalized CNS depressant effect
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What are the most common side effects of benzodiazepines?
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drowsiness and decreased coordination
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What catagory are benzodiazepines and barbiturates in?
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Antianxiety, sedative and hypnotic drugs
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What are antipychotics also known as?
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neuroleptics and major tranquilizers
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What are the main side effects of antipsychotics?
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Sedation, blurred vision, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, tachycardia,urinary retention, constipation, disorientation and extrapyramidal symptoms(EPS)
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What are some of the extrapyramidal symptoms with antipsychotics?
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dystonia, akathisia, tardive dskinesia and parkinsonism like symptoms
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What are antimanic drugs used to treat?
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bipolar disorders
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What is the drug of choice for bipolar disorders?
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lithium carbonate (Eskalith, Lithane)
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What are some of the signs of drug toxicity with lithium?
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diahrrhea, vomitting, tremors, lack of coordination, drowsiness and muscular weakness.
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Why should someone on lithium avoid salty foods?
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lithium and sodium are both actively transported across cell membranes, but lithium cannot be effectively pumped out of the cell as sodium
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patients on long term antipsychotic therapy should be monitored for?
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extrapyramidal symptoms
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what are 4 things that can be done to make seditives/hypnotics more effective?
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1)reduce noice level
2)warm bath & back rub 3)listen to patients concerns 4)give patient enough sxercise |
