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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
1. What are the four basic stages of pharmokinetics?
2. Most drugs are excreted by the __.
3. The liver only changes the drug to a what form?
4. What is elimination affected by?
1. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
2. kidneys
3. what soluble form
4. pH tract of GI, urine acidity, foods, and drink
ANTIANXIETY MEDS
1. What meds does this include?
2. What are some indidcations to use this medicine?
3. How does it work?
4. What are the contraindications/precautions?
1. benzodiazepines: xanax, librium, tranxene, valium, dalmane, ativan,serax, Nonbenzo: buspar!
2. GAD, OCD, PTSD, insomnia, alcohol withdrawel, status epilepticus
3. Potentiates GABA which produces a calming effect
4. dependence, pregnancy, NARROW ANGLE GLAUCOMA b/c it pupil dilates, shock, coma
ANTIANXIETY MEDS
1. Increased effect with what??2. Decreased with?
3. What happens when you stop abruptly??
1. Alcohol, barbiturates, antihistamines, tagamet bc makes drug last longer, disulfiram, herbals (kava kava, valerian)
2. smoking and caffeine
3. abd and muschle cramps, tremors, vomiting, sweating, convulsions and delireum; rise slowly
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
1. Drug names are divided into 4 groups which are?
2. What are indications for antidepressants?
3. The work to increase the concentration of __,__,and __. 4. General Side Effects?
1. tricyclic (TCA's), Selective Seratonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's), MAO inhibitors (MAOI's), other
2. dysthymic disorder, major depression, schizophrenia, depressive phase of bipolar, depression w/ anxiety
3. norepinephrine, serotonic, and dopamine
4. Dry mouth, nausea, GI distress, discontinuation syndrome
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS
1. Contraindications?
2. Interactions?
3. What increases the effect of TCA's?
1. Acute recovery phase following an MI, angle closure glaucoma, BPH, seizures bc decr seizure threshold
2. HTN crisis,, hyperpyretic crisis, tachycardia, may decr the response of some HTN meds
3. bupropin, cimetidine, haloperidol, SSRI's, valproic acid
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS
1. What are the side effects?
2. w/ TCA's you can experience HTN crisis, what are the SE w/ this crisis?
3. What is the tx?
1. dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, agitation, delirium, ileus in older adults, ortho hypo, weight gain, reduction seizure threshold, high incidence of seizures
2. sever occipital HA, palpitations, n/v, nuchal rigidity, fever, sweating, marked incr in BP, chest pain, coma
3. DC the drug immediately
MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI's)
1. HTN crisis may occcur w/ the following drugs w/ MAOI's
2. Name some foods that contain tyramine?
3. Taking MAOI's can enhance __ w/ insulin and oral hypoglycemics
4. Avoid using MAOI's within __ hrs of __
1. amphetamines, methyldopa, levodopa, dopamine, epinephrine, tyramine
2. aged cheese, raisins, red wines, smoked and processed meats, pickle herring, chicken or beef liver, soy sauce
3. hypoglycemia
4. 5 hrs of prozac
MAOI's
1. What are some se w/ this?
2. What is the main thing you need to teach?
1. HTN, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, priapism, hepatic failure
2. tyramine foods and to avoid them
SELECTIVE SEROTONINS REUPTAKE (SSRI's)
1. Increased effect w/ what 2 things?
2. What may occur w/ concurrent use of MAOI's and other drugs that incr serotonin (buspar, lithium)?
3. What happens w/ this syndrome?
4. Do you DC the med?
1. alcohol and cimetidine
2. serotonin syndrome
3. changes in mental status, restlessness, buspar and lithium incr serotonin, tachycardia, labile BP, shivers
4. yes!
SSRI's
1. SE's?
2. How do you tx akathisia?
1. weight gain, akathisia (restlessness), insomnia, hand tremors, HA, diarrhea, sweating, sexual dysfunction
2. beta blocker or benzodiazepine
MOOD STABILIZING AGENTS
1. w/ lithium how does it work?
2. Whats lithium used for?
3. What happens w/ the dietary sodium and lithium?
1. normalizes the reuptake of certain neurotransmitters serotonin norepinephrine, acetylocholine, and dopamine
2. bipolar mania
3. competes w/ lithium for receptor sites throughout the body causing lithium tox in sodium depletion
*MOOD STABILIZING AGENTS
1. LITHIUM SERUM CONCENTRATION: acute mania?? Maintenance??
2. Pts must drink how many ml of fluid per day?
3. Also teach them what about sodium and lithium together?
1. Acute mania: 1.0-1.5 ; Maintenance: 0.6-1.2
2. 2500-3000
3. Get plenty of sodium in and not drink things that make you have an incr in urine output
ANITPSYCHOTIC AGENTS
1. What are the drug names?
2. What are the indications for these type drugs?
3. What are the contraindications for these drugs?
1. thorazine, prolixin, haldol
2. acute and chronic psychoses, intractable hiccups, and control of tics(tourretes)
3. Cross sensitivity may exist w/ phenothiazines, lowers seizure threshold, and *avoid extremes in temperature
ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS
1. Increases __ effects w/ B-blockers 2. Increased __ w/ barbiturates, which decreases effectiveness of antipsychotics. 3. Decreased absorption w/ __?
4. __ depression w/ alcohol, antihistamines, antidepressants, sedative hypnotics, and anxiolytics
1. hypotensive 2. metabolism
3. antacids 4. CNS
ANTIPSYCHOTICS
1. What are some of the SE's?
2. CLOZARIL will cause which symptoms of those?
3. GEODON will cause which sx of those?
1. anticholinergic effects like (urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred vision), Skin rash, sedation, orthostatic hypo, photosensitivity, weight gain, ECG changes (prolonged QT interval, Agranulocytosis (extreme drop in WBC),
hypersalivation
2. agranulocytosis and hypersalivation
3. ECG changes (prolonged QT interval)
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SX (EPS)
1. What are they?
1. pseudoparkinsonism, akinesia, akathisia, dystonia, oculogyric crisis, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), hyperglycemia
EPS
1. What are the sx w/ pseudoparkinsonism?
2. Sx for akinesia?
3. Sx's for akathisia?
4. Sx's for dystonia?
5. Sx's for oculogyric crisis? What is the tx?
1. tremor, shuffling, gait, drooling, rigidity
2. muscular weakness
3. continuous restlessness and fidgeting
4. involuntary muscular movements of face, arms, legs, and neck - EMERGENT
5. uncontrolled rolling back of the eyes- EMERGENT; tx is the med cogentin
EPS
1. What are the sx of tardive dyskinesia? May be __ if not tx promptly.
2. W/ neuroleptic malignant syndrom what are the sx?
3. What is some client education?
1. Bizarre facial and tongue movements, stiff neck, and difficulty swallowing; irreversible
2. severe muscle rigidity, hyperpyrexia up to 107 F, tachy, fluctuations in BP, diaphoresis, rapid deterioration of mental status to stupor and coma
3. check BG, no alcohol, extreme temps, sore throat and fever report sx immediately
SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS
1. Used for short term management of __ states and to tx __.
2. The action is on generalized __ depression.
3. What is the main contraindication?
4. Do no use w/ __.
5. Decreased effectiveness when used w/ drugs metabolized by the __.
1. anxiety, insomnia
2. CNS
3. suicidal/clients addicted to other substances esp w/ benzos and barbs
4. MAOI's
5. liver
AGENTS for ADHD
1. Used for __ in children and adults.
2. Increases levels of __.
3. What are some of the contraindications/precautions w/ using these meds?
4. Bupropion is contraindicated in those w/ sx disorder?
5. Strattera is contraindicated in __?
1. ADHD
2. neurotransmitters
3. if pt has cardiovascular dz, advanced arteriosclerosis, HTN, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, agitated/excited states, hx of drug use, children younger than 3, tourettes
4. yes
5. narrow angle glaucoma
AGENTS for ADHD
1. MAOI's w/n __ days of use of these drugs.
2. Does urine acidity incre or decr the effect of these drugs?
3. Does urine alkalinity decr or incr the effect of these meds?
4. Strattera can cause cardiac effects w/ concomitant use of __.
1. 14
2. increase
3. decrease
4. albuterol
AGENTS for ADHD
1. What are side effects
2. What ADHD med causes seizures?
3. What ADHD med causes severe liver damage?
4. How do you prevent the wt loss?
1. overstimulation, palpitations, anorexia, tolerance, constipation, seizure, severe liver damage, psychotic syndrome
2. wellbrutrin
3. straterra
4. give pill w/ meal