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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State of abnormally low mood, with emotional, cognitive, motivational, and/or physical features.
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Depression
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State of abnormally high mood, with emotional, cognitive, motivation, and/or physical features.
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Mania
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An early historical term for depression.
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Melancholia
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Mood disorders in which an individual experiences only abnormally low moods.
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Unipolar disorders
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Mood disorders in which an individual experiences both abnormally low and high moods.
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Bipolar disorders
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State of abnormally low mood, with emotional, cognitive, motivational, and/or physical features.
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Depression
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State of abnormally high mood, with emotional, cognitive, motivation, and/or physical features.
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Mania
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An early historical term for depression.
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Melancholia
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Mood disorders in which an individual experiences only abnormally low moods.
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Unipolar disorders
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Mood disorders in which an individual experiences both abnormally low and high moods.
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Bipolar disorders
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Periods of abnormal mood that are the building blocks of the DSM-IV-TR mood disorders.
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Mood episodes
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A two-week or longer period of depressed mood along with several other significant depressive symptoms.
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Major depressive episode
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A one-week or longer period of manic symptoms causing impairment in functioning.
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Manic episode
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A less extreme version of a manic episode that is not sever enough to significantly interfere with functioning.
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Hypomanic episode
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The occurrence of one or more major depressive episodes.
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Major depressive disorder
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Two years or more of consistently depressed mood and other symptoms that are not sever enough to meet criteria for a major depressive episode.
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Dysthymic disorder
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Combination of major depressive episodes and manic episodes.
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Bipolar I disorder
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Combination of major depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes.
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Bipolar II disorder
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Two years or more of consistent mood swings between hypomanic highs and dysthymic lows.
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Cyclothymic disorder
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A class of neurotransmitters involved in mood disorders, including norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.
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Monoamines
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The hypothesis that depression is partially caused by insufficient neurotransmission of monoamines.
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Monoamine hypothesis
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A hormone released by the pituitary gland in response to stress.
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Cortisol
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A "first-generation" class of antidepressant medications which increases the availability of both serotonin and norepinephrine.
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Tricyclics
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A "first-generation" antidepressant; they inhibit the enzymes that oxidize monoamines thus enhancing neurotransmission.
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MAO inhibitors (monoamine oxidase inhibitors)
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A "second-generation" class of antidepressant medication that block the re-uptake of serotonin from the synapse; used in the treatment of depression and other disorder.
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SSRIs (selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors)
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A biological intervention for sever depression involving sending electric current through the skull to produce seizures.
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ECT (electroconvulsive therapy)
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A naturally occurring salt that is the main mood stabilizing medication for bipolar disorders.
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Lithium
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Irrationally negative thinking about the self, the world, and the future.
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Negative cognitive triad
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Negative thoughts generated by negative cognitive schemas.
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Negative automatic thoughts
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Irrational beliefs and thinking processes.
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Cognitive distortions
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Cognitive-behavioral theory in which animals give up adaptive responding after prior experience with inescapable punishments.
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Learned helplessness
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The tendency to make internal, global, and stable explanations of negative events.
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Pessimistic explanatory (attributional) style
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In cognitive theory, the triad consisting of one's self, one's future, and one's world.
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Cognitive triad
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In Freud's structural theory, the part of the mind that contains moral judgements and evaluates the self.
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Superego
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An influential current treatment for depression that integrates psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioral components.
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Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)
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