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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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NREM (non-REM) Sleep |
Four sleep stages characterized by slow, regular respiration and heart rate, little body movement, and blood pressure and brain activity that are at their 24-hr low points |
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Circadian Theory of Sleep |
The theory that sleep evolved to keep humans out of harms way during the night; also known as the evolutionary or adaptive theory |
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Restorative Theory of Sleep |
The theory that the function of sleep is to restore body and mind |
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Subjective Night |
The time during a 24-hr period when the biological clock is telling a person to go to sleep |
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Circadian Rhythms |
Within each 24-hr period, the regular fluctuation from high to low points of certain body functions and behaviors |
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Altered States of Consciousness |
Change in awareness produced by sleep, meditation, hypnosis, or drugs |
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Consciousness |
Everything of which we are aware at any given time - our thoughts, feelings sensations, and perceptions of the external environment |
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Synesthesia |
The capacity for experiencing unusual sensations along with ordinary ones |
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Extrasensory Perception |
Gaining information about objects, events, or another person's thoughts through some means other than the known sensory channels |
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Subliminal Perception |
The capacity to perceive and respond to stimuli that are presented below the threshold of awareness |
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Attention |
The process of sorting through sensations and selecting some of them for further processing |
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Vestibular Sense |
The sense that provides information about the body's orientation in space |
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Kinesthetic Sense |
The sense providing information about the position and movement of body parts |
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Frequency |
The number of cycles completed by a soundwave in one second, determining the pitch of the sound; expressed in the unit called the hertz |
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Brightness |
The intensity of light energy perceived as a color; based on amplitude of lightwave |
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Saturation |
The purity if a color, or the degree to which the light waves producing it are of the same wave length |
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Hue |
The dimension of light that refers to the specific color perceived |
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Sensory Adaptation |
The process in which sensory receptors grow accustom to constant, unchanging levels of stimuli over time |
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Absolute Threshold |
The minimum amount of sensory stimulation that can be detected 50% of the time |
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Perception |
The process by which the brain actively organizes and interprets sensory information |
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Sensation |
The process through which the senses pick up visual, auditory, and other sensory stimuli and transmit them to the brain |
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Sociocultural Approach |
The view that social and cultural factors my be just as powerful as evolutionary and physiological factors in affecting behavior and mental processing and that these factors must be understood when interpreting the behavior of others |
Lesley Lambright |
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Evolution Psychology |
The school of psychology that studies how human behaviors required for survival have adapted in the face of environmental pressures over the long course of evolution |
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Information-Processing Theory |
An approach to the study of mental structures and processes that uses the computer as a model for human thinking |
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Gestalt Psychology |
The school of psychology that emphasizes that individuals perceive objects and patterns as whole units and that the perceived while is more than the sum of its parts |
Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Köhler |
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Cognitive Psychology |
The school of psychology that sees humans as active participants in their environment; studies mental processes such as memory, problem solving, reasoning, desisions making, perception, language, and other formats of cognition |
Robins, Gosling, and Craik |
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Positive Psychology |
The scientific study if psychological characteristics that enable individuals and communities to thrive in the face of adversity |
Martin Seligman |
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Humanistic Psychology |
The school of psychology that focuses on the uniqueness of human beings and their capacity for choice, growth, and psychological health |
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow |
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Psychoanalysis |
The term Freud used for both his theory of personality and his therapy for the treatment of psychological disorders; the unconscious is the primary focus |
Sigmund Freud |
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Behaviorism |
The school of psychology that views observable, measurable behavior as the appropriate subject matter for psychology and emphasizes the key role of environment as a deferment of behavior |
John B. Watson |
