Psychology Theories Of Personality

Front 1

Personality

Back 1

a person's broad, long-lasting pattern of behavior

Front 2

First Ego State of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory (Instinct Theory)

Back 2

ID-instinctual drives operates on unconscious and pleasure principle, instant gratification, present at birth

Front 3

Second Ego State of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Back 3

superego- subconscious fluctuates to all three levels (conscience and morals) by age 5

Front 4

Third Stage of of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Back 4

ego-develops throughout life, reality principle, balancing force, satisfy needs of ID without going against superego

Front 5

Defense Mechanisms

Back 5

used to remain psychologically stable when were are under extreme amounts of stress, used unconsciously, so anxiety doesn't experience too much stress

Front 6

repression

Back 6

do not allow ourselves to remain aware of painful material; we push it out of our consciousness, found in all defense mechanisms
example: abused as a child and you push all the memories out of your mind

Front 7

denial

Back 7

the process of refusing to admit that there is a problem
example: drug addiction- people refuse to admit that there is a problem

Front 8

displacement

Back 8

venting our feelings on something or someone other than the true or original target
example: if we had a bad day at school we may go home and be mean to our siblings

Front 9

reaction formation

Back 9

the process of expressing the opposite of what we feel
example: we act as if we like someone and we can't stand them

Front 10

intellectualization

Back 10

the process of removing our feelings about an event and discussing it in a cooly rational way
example: if someone has a spouse that dies, they may be completely unaffected at first

Front 11

identification with aggressors

Back 11

taking the characteristics of someone who has mistreated us in order to psychologically avoid the abuse
example: if you were abused as a child you may become abusive as an adult

Front 12

regression

Back 12

going backward in behavior and thought
example: throwing a temper tantrum

Front 13

rationalization

Back 13

making up an excuse for behavior, so we can avoid taking responsibility for our behavior
example: we get caught sneaking our and say that we never get to do anything

Front 14

projection

Back 14

the process of mentally giving thoughts to someone else and our thoughts and feelings
examples: if we receive a bad grade we may say that the teacher never taught the concept

Front 15

sublimation

Back 15

the process of channeling emotional energy into constructive or creative activities
example: instead of getting angry at the injustices in society we become involved with charity work to help others

Front 16

Carl Jung

Back 16

believed that everyone has two major unconscious forces that influence their behavior
1. personal unconscious
2. collective unconscious

Front 17

archetype

Back 17

symbols of the collective unconscious
examples:
1. the shadow-symbolized by the color black, our potential to be evil, side of personality that we don't know yet

Front 18

anima

Back 18

archetype- feminine side of all people

Front 19

animus

Back 19

masculine side of all people
-a healthy personality has a balance of the anima and the animus

Front 20

mandala

Back 20

symbolizes our higher self

Front 21

Where does the basis of fear lie?

Back 21

in the archetypes

Front 22

persona

Back 22

latin word for "mask" part of our personality that we show to other people

Front 23

Humanistic Theory of Personality

Back 23

Carl Rogers- all people are basically good, and want to reach self-actualization
2 parts
1. actual self
2. ideal self

Front 24

Actual self

Back 24

true feelings and thoughts

Front 25

ideal self

Back 25

who you think you should be based on society, parents, friends, etc.

Front 26

fully functioning person

Back 26

has a congruence between their ideal and actual self, we must accept ourselves

Front 27

incongruence

Back 27

Rogers believes that most people have a separation between their actual and ideal self

Front 28

conditions of love

Back 28

no unconditional love, separation

Front 29

"unconditional positive regard"

Back 29

love and approval
example: discipline the behavior not
the child

"Your not bad, that behavior was, not you"

Front 30

introversion

Back 30

comfortable being alone, gets energy from within, comfortable with a lot of strangers

Front 31

extroversion

Back 31

opposite, like to be around a lot of people, gets energy from other people

Front 32

Trust vs. Mistrust

Back 32

an infant develops a sense of security,
first year

Front 33

Autonomy vs. Shame

Back 33

the child receives a sense of independence, second year

Front 34

Initiative vs. Guilt

Back 34

the child fins a balance between spontanacity and restraint, 3-5 years

Front 35

Industry vs. Inferiority

Back 35

the child attains a feeling of self-confidence, 6 years-puberty

Front 36

Identity vs Role Confusion

Back 36

the adolescent experiences a unified sense of self, to know who you are, adolescence

Front 37

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Back 37

the young adult forms close personal relationships self disclosure

Front 38

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Back 38

the adult promotes a feeling of well being among others, middle adulthood

Front 39

Integrity vs. Despair

Back 39

the adult enjoys a sense of satisfaction by reflecting on a life well-lived

Front 40

collective unconscious

Back 40

Jung's term for the portion of a person that contains ideas or archetypes shared by the whole human race

Front 41

Karen Horney

Back 41

neo-Freudian, claimed that the human feels most helpless, anxious, and lost when they were not getting enough love

Front 42

Alfred Adler

Back 42

neo-Freudian, social interaction is the key to proper developement, those who are insecure are trying to make themselves look better
example: School bullies

Front 43

behaviorism

Back 43

a personality theory that focuses on overt acts and behaviors

Front 44

John B. Watson

Back 44

behaviorist- environment can make a person become anything

Front 45

B.F. Skinner

Back 45

behaviorist- believed that everything you do is a result of reinforcements- events that follow responses and strenghten the tendency to repeat those responses

Front 46

Albert Bandura

Back 46

behaviorist- feels that much of our personality comes from modeling
modeling- learning by imitating others

Front 47

Abraham Maslow

Back 47

saw human beings as having deep needs for beauty, goodness, and justice, self actualization

Front 48

personality traits

Back 48

more or less permanent personality characteristics

Front 49

Gordon Allport

Back 49

theory states that with the common terms and that people use to describe each other, eg honest, cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits

Front 50

cardinal traits

Back 50

extremely strong personality traits that affect everything we do

Front 51

central traits

Back 51

highly characteristic of people and will apply across many situations

Front 52

secondary traits

Back 52

the weakest and least characteristic group of all