Psychology Test Flashcards Chapters 1 & 2

Front 1

Definition of Psychology

Back 1

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Long past, but short history

Front 2

Goals of psychology

Back 2

Understand
Predict
Control behavior

Front 3

Code of Ethics

Back 3

High levels of competency, Integrity and responsibility.

Respect to peoples rights

Protect Clients Welfare

Front 4

Ways of gathering information

Back 4

Natural observation
Case Study
Survey
Experiments

Front 5

Overt Behavior

Back 5

Behavior that is readily seen

Front 6

Covert Behavior

Back 6

Behavior that is not readily seen or easily observed. Thinking processes, deciding, etc.

Front 7

Hindsight Bias

Back 7

I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. To believe, after the outcome, that one could have easily forseen it.

Front 8

Critical Thinking

Back 8

Thinking that doe not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it explains assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions

Front 9

Origin of Modern Psychology

Back 9

Has long past with philosophy
Wilhelm Wundt made the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig Germany in 1879

Front 10

Structuralism

Back 10

Hoped to put private experiences into mental building blocks

Front 11

Functionalism

Back 11

Interested in how the mind functions and enables us to adapt to our envionment

Front 12

Gesalt psychology

Back 12

Interested in the mind as a whole

Front 13

Behaviorism

Back 13

psychology should
1)Should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Study of overt behavior and relationship between stimulus and stimuli

Front 14

Neuroscience perspective

Back 14

How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences

Front 15

Evolutionary Perspective

Back 15

How the natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of one's genes

Front 16

Behavior Genetics Perspective

Back 16

How much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences

Front 17

Psychodynamic Perspective

Back 17

How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

Front 18

Behavioral Perspective

Back 18

How we learn observable responses

Front 19

Cognitive Perspective

Back 19

How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information.

Front 20

Humanistic Perspective

Back 20

Emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people.

Front 21

Biological Psychology

Back 21

A branch of psychology concerned with the link between biology and behavior.

Front 22

Parts of a neuron

Back 22

Dendrite, Cell body, Mylon sheath, cell nucleus, and axon

Front 23

Synapse

Back 23

The space between the axon and the other neuron's dendrite or cell body.

Front 24

Neurotransmitters

Back 24

Chemical messengers that travel the synaptic gaps. They travel to bind to receptor neurons, influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse

Front 25

Central Nervous System

Back 25

Brain and spinal chord

Front 26

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 26

Sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body.

Front 27

Somatic Nervous System

Back 27

Controls voluntary skeletal movements

Front 28

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 28

Controls self-regulated involuntary actions like heartbeat, breathing, digestion

Front 29

Sympathetic Nervous Systm

Back 29

Arouses body

Front 30

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Back 30

Calms the body

Front 31

Endocrine System

Back 31

The body's "Slow" chemical communication system. A set of hormones that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

Front 32

Medulla

Back 32

Contains centers important for the reflex control of vital life functions

Front 33

The Pons

Back 33

Acts as a bridge between Medulla and other parts of the brain. Also influences sleep and arousal.

Front 34

Reticular Formation

Back 34

Acts as a selectively permeable membrane to stimuli into the brain.

Modifies Outgoing commands and controls reflexes like sneezing coughing and vomiting.

Front 35

Thalamus

Back 35

Acts as relay station for stimuli on their way to the cortex

Damage to thalamus can make you deaf or blind, not not lose sense of smell

Front 36

Cerebellum

Back 36

Regulates balance pretty much.

if injured it's almost impossible to walk.

Front 37

The Limbic System

Back 37

Motivated behavior and emotion

Front 38

Hypothalamus

Back 38

below the thalamus.

Control center for emotion and basic motives

Front 39

Amygdala

Back 39

raging anger. facilitates quick responses to dangerous stimuli before you even know it.

Front 40

Occipital lobe

Back 40

Visual Lobe