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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Id |
Unconscious energy based in biological drives |
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Personality |
An individual's characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors [persisting over time and across situations] |
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Free Association |
Freud encouraged the patient to speak whatever comes to mind, then the therapist verbally traces a flow of thoughts into the past and into the unconscious |
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Unconscious |
Part of the mind that is inaccessible to the conscious mind but that affects behavior and emotions. (According to freud they were hidden because they feel unacceptable) |
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DSM |
Diagnostic and statistical Manuel of mental disorders. Offers standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders |
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Psychological disorders |
Patterns of thoughts, feelings, or actions that are deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional |
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Fear vs Phobia |
Phobia is an uncontrollable, irrational, intense desire to avoid some object or situation. Fear is response to something thats actually harmful |
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Major depressive disorder |
[MDD] more than just feeling sad about something -depressed mood most of the day -diminished interest or pleasure in activities -increase or decrease in appetite or weight -insomnia, sleeping too much -worthlessness, guilt -daily problem in thinking, etc |
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Bipolar disorder |
"manic-depressive disorder". More than "mood swings". Depression plus the problematic overly "up" mood called "mania". |
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Mania |
A period of hyper-elevated mood that is euphoric, giddy, easily irritated, hyperactive, impulsive, overly optimistic, and even grandiose. |
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Positive symptoms of schizophrenia |
Presence of problematic behaviors. -hallucinations (illusory perceptions), especially auditory -delusions (illusory beliefs), especially persecutory -disorganized thought and nonsensical speech -bizarre behaviors |
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia |
Absence of healthy behaviors -flat speech (no emotion showing in the face) -reduced social interaction -anhedonia (no feeling of enjoyment) -avolition (less movement, initiative, focus on tasks) -alogia (speaking less) -catatonia (moving less) |
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Projective tests |
A structured, systematic exposure to a standardized set of ambiguous prompts, designed to reveal inner dynamics |
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Schizophrenia |
Mental spilt from reality and rationality. Spilt from own thoughts so that they appear as hallucinations |
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Oral stage of psychosexual development |
(0-18 months) pleasure centers on the mouth - sucking, biting, chewing |
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Anorexia |
Compulsion to lose weight, coupled with certainty about being fat despite being 15% or more underweight |
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Bulimia |
Compulsion to binge, eating large amounts fast, then purge by losing the food through vomiting, laxatives, and extreme exercise |
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Binge-eating disorder |
Compulsion to binge, followed by guilt and depression |
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Defense mechanisms |
Freud believed we are anxious about our unacceptable wishes and impulses, and we repress this anxiety with these strategies: -regression- going back to old comforting things, e.g. thumb sucking -reaction formation- switching unacceptable impulses into their opposite -projection- hiding ur impulses by attributing them to others -rationalization - self-justifying instead of facing the real reasons -rationalization - self-justifying instead of facing the real reasons-displacement- shifting sexual or aggressive impulses towards a more acceptable, less threatening object or person -denial- refusing to believe painful realities |
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Self-actualization |
Fulfilling one's potential, and self-transcendence |
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Ocd |
Anxiety disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feeling, ideas, sensations (obsessions) or compulsions |
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Obsession |
Intense, unwanted worries, ideas, and images that repeatedly pop up in the mind |
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Compulsion |
Repeatedly strong feeling of "needing" to carry out an action, even though it doesn't feel like it makes sense |
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Generalized anxiety disorder |
Worrying, having anxious feelings and thoughts about manu subjects, and sometimes "free-floating" anxiety with no attachment to any subject. Anxious anticipation interferes with concentration Symptoms: autonomic arousal, trembling, sweating, fidgeting, agitation, and sleep disruption |
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Nature vs nurture |
Mental disorders can arise in the interaction between nature and nurture caused by biology, thoughts, and the sociocultural environment |
