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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The mental processes that enable us to acquire, retain and retrieve information.
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Memory
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What are the 3 stages of memory?
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1) Sensory Memory
2) Working or short-term memory 3) Long-Term memory |
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Transforms information into a form that can be entered and retained by the memory system (i.e. long term)
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Encoding
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Process of accessing information stored in long-term memory.
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Retrieval
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Memory with awareness; information can be consciously recollected; also called declarative memory.
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Explicit Memory
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Memory without awareness; memory that affects behavior but cannot consciously be recalled; also called nondeclarative memory.
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Implicit Memory
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The inability to recall info that was previously available.
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Forgetting (duh?)
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Process of accessing stored information.
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Retrieval
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Sometimes info is encoded in __________, but we can't retrieve it.
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LTM (Long Term Memory)
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Involves the sensation of knowing that specific information is stored in long-term memory but being unable to retrieve it.
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Tip-of-the-Toungue (TOT)
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A memory-distortion phenomenon in which a person's existing memories can be altered if the person is exposed to misleading information.
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The Misinformation Effect.
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Psychotherapy that encourages the recall of supposedly repressed memories from childhood, usually of physical or sexual abuse.
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Repressed Memory Therapy or Recovery Therapy
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The most common form of dementia:
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Alzheimer's Disease
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Earliest stages of Alzheimer's Disease
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Forgetting names or familiar places.
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Last stages of Alzheimer's Disease
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Inability to recognize loved ones, loss of the sense of self and identity, and inability to communicate in a meaningful way.
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Mental activities involved in acquiring, retaining, and using knowledge.
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Cognition
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Maniupulation of two forms of mental representations: concepts and mental images.
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Thinking
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Involves any of the senses, including sounds, smells and textures.
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Mental Images
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Thinking and behavior directed toward attaining a goal that is not readily available.
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Problem-Solving
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Is accurate when you already have a broad base of knowledge and experience in the given area.
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Intuitive Hunch
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Measures a persons level of knowledge, skill or accomplishment in a particular area.
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Achievement Test
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Assesses a persons capacity to benefit from education or job training.
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Aptitude Test
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Ability to produce consistent results when administered on repeated occasions under similar conditions
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Reliable
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Ability to measure what the test is intended to measure.
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Valid.
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Name Howard Gardner's 8 parts of his Theory of Intelligence
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1) Linguistic Intelligence
2) Logical-Mathematical Intelligence 3) Musical Intelligence 4) Spacial Intelligence 5) Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence 6)Interpersonal Intelligence 7) Intrapersonal Intelligence 8) Naturalistic Intelligence |
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Group of cognitive processes used to generate useful, original, and novel ideas or solutions.
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Creativity.
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The study of how people change physicall, mentally, and socially throughout the lifespan.
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Developmental Psychology
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A period when a child is particularly sensitive to certain environmental experiences.
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Critical Period
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Genetic makeup of an organism (made up of 23 chromosome pairs).
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Genotype
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Observable characteristics of an organism as determined by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.
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Phenotype
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What are the three infant reflexes?
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Rooting, Suckling, Grasping
(gradually disappear over the first year and are replaced with voluntary behaviors) |
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Intense emotional bond between infant and caregiver
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Infant Attachment
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The difference between what children can accomplish alone and accomplish with the help of others.
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Zone of Proximal Development
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The stage that marks the transition between childhood and adulthood.
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Adolescence.
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The aspect of cognitive development that has to do with how an individual reasons about moral decisions.
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Moral Reasoning.
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What is Stage 5?
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Adolescence
Identity vs. Confusion |
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The feeling that one's life has been meaningful.
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Ego Integrity
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Scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.
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Psychopathology
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An unpleasant emotional state that involves feelings of worry, dread, apprehension, and tension, along with heightened physical arousal.
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Anxiety
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Sudden, intense, and short-lived anxiety is to ___________ as ongoing, persistent, and global anxiety is to ________________.
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1) Panic Disorder
2) Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
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A strong or irrational fear of something, usually a specific object or situation, that does not interfere with the ability of function in daily life.
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Phobias
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Fear of social situations. A paralyzing fear of performing even routine behaviors in public situations or in front of other people.
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Social Phobias
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True or False?
When people experience multiple traumas, they are less likely to develop PTSD? |
False, they are more likely to develop PTSD with more trauma.
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Regarding Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, what are the most common obsessions?
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Germs, Dirt, or other forms of contamination.
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This condition involves globally pessimistic and negative thinking about self. This negativity is often manifested in suicidal thoughts and preoccupations with death.
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Major Depression
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Who is twice as likely to be diagnosed with major depression women or men?
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Women
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Relatively stable predispositions to behave or react in certain ways.
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Personality Traits
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Involves consistently occurring abnormal sleep patterns that cause subjective distress and interfere with a person's daytime functioning.
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Sleep Disorders
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T or F? Current research reflects that dreams are the waking concerns and preoccupations of the dreamer and the active process of trying to make sense of stimuli produced by the brain during sleep.
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True
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