Psychology Test 1 Vocabulary

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psychology

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scientific study discipline that studies behavior and mental process

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Psyche

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Greek word for mind

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Logos

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Greek for Study/knowledge

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gestalt

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German word meaning "unitary form" or "pattern'

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Gestalt psychology

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(s.o.p) holds that the brain structures our perception of the world in terms of meaningful patterns or wholes

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Behaviorism

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(s.o.p.) holds that psychology should limit itself to study of overt, observable behvior

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psycho dynamic perspective

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view that behavior is influenced by the struggle b/w unconscious sexual/aggressive impulses and opposing forces that try to keep this threatening material out of consciousness

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Humanistic Perspective: a "Third force"

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an approach psychology that applies the principles of humanistic psychology

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Behavioral Perspective/ Social Cognitive theory

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an approach tot the study of psychology that focuses on the role of learning and explaining observable behavior

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Humanistic Perspective

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an approach to the study of psychology that applies the the principles of humanistic psychology

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Physiological Perspective

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an approach to the study of psychology that focuses on the relationship b/w biological processes and behavior

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Cognitive Perspective

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an approach to the study of psychology that focuses on the process by which we acquire knowledge

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Sociocultural psychology

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an approach to the study of psychology that emphasizes the role of social and cultural influences on behavior

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Neo Freudians

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psychodynamic theorists who have followed in the
Freudian tradition, [tend to place less emphasis on basic drives like sex and aggression,and more emphasis on processes of self-awareness,self-direction, and conscious choice]
conscious choice.

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Positive psychology

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contemporary movt within psych. that emphasizes the study of human virtues and assets rather than weakness and deficits

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Evolutionary psychology

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branch of psychology that focuses on the role of evolutionary process in shaping behavior

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Behavior theory

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a form of therapy that involves the systematic application

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variable

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a factor or measure that varies within an experiment

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theory

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a formulation that accounts for relationships among observed events or experimental findings in ways that make them more understandable

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Replication

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attempt to duplicate findings

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Hypothesis

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precise prediction about the outcome of an experiment

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myelin sheath

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insulating layer that helps speed transmission of neural impulses

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plasticity

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the ability of the brain to adapt itself after trauma or surgical alteration

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agonist

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drugs or chemicals that enhance the activity of neurotransmitters

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antagonist

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drugs or chemicals that block actions of neurotransmitters by occupying receptor sites; prevent transmission of messages carried by neurotransmitters

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pancreas

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endocrine gland located near stomach that produces insulin

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insulin

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chemical that opens glucose receptors

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pineal gland

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gland located in brain that releases melatonin

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melatonin

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hormone that helps regulate sleep wake cycles

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pituitary gland

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located in brain, very important, releases hormones like growth hormones, estrogen testosterone

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lateralization

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the division of functions b/w right and left hemispheres